ASSESSING THE POTENTIALITY OF RAINWATER HARVESTING VIA ZONING IN THE CORECITY LIMITS OF THE KATHMANDU METROPOLITANCITY
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Pulchowk Campus
Abstract
Rapidandhaphazardurbanization,alarmingpopulationgrowth,andclimatechange
arecausingahugestressinwatermanagementinKathmanduMetropolitanCity(KMC).
Withoutproperalternativesourceofwatersupply,andthetimeandagainfailureofMelam
chiwaterSupplyProject,thedemandandsupplygapiscontinuouslyexpandinginthe
Valley,andinKMC.Overexploitationofgroundwaterwithamotivetomeetthedemand
ofwaterhascausedagreatdeclineingroundwaterlevel.But,notjustthewaterscarcity
monsoonfloodinginthevalleyhasalsobecometopicofconcernbecauseofincreasedin
tensityandfrequencyofurbanfloodinginthecityaffectingdailylivelihoodofthepeople
andalsocausingahugehuman,financial,andphysicaldamagehere.Rainwaterharvest
ing(RWH)isconsideredasapotentialsolutioninaddressingwaterstressandaidingwater
managementindifferentpartsoftheworld.So,thisstudyiscarriedouttoassessthepo
tentialofRainwaterHarvestinginurbancontextofKMCandthepotentialrunoffvolume
thatcouldbeharvested.
Studydelineatesthe RainwaterHarvestingPotetialityIndex via zoning within KMC.
Analyticalhierarchyprocess(AHP)basedmulticriteriadecisionmakingisappliedes
tablishingrainwaterharvestingpotentialityindex(RWHPI).Thestudyalsorequiredhy
drologicalmodellingofbasinofthestudyareainrainfallrunoffsimulationtoestimate
therunoffcoefficientofthesubbasins.Drainagedensity,roofareadensity,basinslope,
andrunoffcoefficientareconsideredforassessingRWHPI.Resultsshowedthat28.78%
ofthetotalbasinareahasgoodRWHPI,46.30%hasmoderate,andonly24.90%haslow
RWHPI.Also,RoofRainwaterharvesting(RRWH)isaloneabletomeetnearly23%of
thetotaldomesticwaterdemandofthecity.
Description
Rapid and haphazard urbanization,alarming population growth,and climate change
are causing a huge stress in water management in Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC).
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MASTERS IN SCIENCE IN CLIMATE CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT