Sampang Rai and English Pronominals: A Comparative Study

Abstract

This thesis entitled ‘Sampang Rai and English Pronominals: A comparative Study’ seeks to compare and contrast the pronominal systems of the Sampang Rai and English languages. In the present research work data were collected from both primary and secondary sources: The native speakers of the Sampang Rai language and the different books, theses, journals and magazines. For the present research 30 informants were selected from the three VDCs of Khotang district. Among the informants of this study; 10 were educated, 12 were literate and the rest of 9 were illiterate. On the basis of collected data personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns were categorized under three Categories: 1st, 2nd and 3rd person in both languages. Finally, the existence of inclusive and exclusive pronoun for the first person personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns in dual and plural numbers were found in the Sampang language which English language lacks in. The Sampang personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns were categorized into three numbers: singular, dual and plural whereas English personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns were categorized under two numbers: singular and plural. The main findings of the research are as: separate third person singular personal pronouns for male; female and neutral were found in English whereas only two third person personal pronouns were found in the Sampang .i.e. ‘kho’ for male / female and ‘nαkα’ for neutral. This thesis consists of four major chapters: Chapter one presents general background, review of the related literature, objective of the study, significance of the study and definition of specific terms. Chapter two deals with the methodology and encompasses sources of the data, sampling procedure, research tools, process of data collection and limitation of the study. Chapter three presents the analysis and interpretation of the data. The data has been analyzed on the basis of the following points: Personal pronouns Possessive pronouns Interrogative pronouns Reflexive pronouns Demonstrative pronouns Relative pronouns Chapter four incorporates finding, recommendations and pedagogical implications of the study.