Evaluation of Expression Pattern of selected Plasma micronas in type 2 Diabetic Obese and Healthy Individuals

Abstract

The most common form of diabetes in the world, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, affects almost 95% of all patients with the diabetes. If this disease is caught early on, it may be possible to delay or even prevent its harmful effects. A few drawbacks of standardized diagnostic tests for T2DM are their dependence on blood glucose levels, intrusiveness, and inability to forecast the likelihood that people with normal glucose tolerance may acquire T2DM in the future. As a result, biomarkers that could be employed as a tool for the early and precise detection of T2DM are required. Small non-coding RNA molecules called microRNAs are important regulators of gene expression and several biological processes. According to studies, dysregulation of microRNAs may cause T2DM and other disorders, and as a result, they may serve as helpful biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Identification of biomarkers, such as microRNAs, as a method for the early and precise identification of T2DM, thus, has enormous potential for diagnostic use. Methods In this study, 46 adult subjects aged between 31-60 years were included and classified as healthy Individuals (17), obese (17), and T2DM patients (12). Changes in the plasma expression levels of miR-9, miR-29a, miR-192, and miR-375 were quantified by RT-qPCR. The fold expression of each microRNA was calculated and compared among three study groups and analyzed for their relationship with ANOVA: Two- factor without Replication in EXEL. Results All four plasma microRNAs were found to be upregulated in type 2 diabetes and only miR29a was downregulated (dr) in the obese group but other three were also upregulated. The ANOVA analysis shows the miR-192 was determined to be significantly upregulated (ur) in diabetic and obese. Conclusion The miR-192 shows significant upregulation in both T2DM and obese patient which can be used as Biomarker.

Keywords: Nepal,Biomarkers, Circulating microRNAs, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, RTqPCR