Economic and Social Condition of the Women Returned From Foreign Employment in Nepal

Abstract

The present research study entitled 'Economic and Social Condition of "Women Returned from Foreign Employment in Nepal" has been prepared with the objective of examining the economic and social condition of the women before and after returning from foreign employment. In this study, I have analyzed various factors such as their decision making capacity, their role in the household, their economic status and so on their responses were uses as primary data in this study. I selected 30 women for purposive sampling. For data collection, different tools such as questionnaires, Key informant interview and field observation were used. The main finding of this study was that were. It was not their wish to go to foreign country illegally. After they returned backs to Nepal, they were found to have faced so many problems which have been elaborated in this study. But the good part of this study was that there condition mostly inputs after get him back from foreign employment. I h a v e d i v i d e d t h i s s t u d y i n t o s i x chapt e r s . The first chapter deals with the introduction, statement of the problem, objectives of the study and rationale of the study. The second chapter includes the review of existing literature which I consulted the sources during my research. The third chapter includes research methodology adopted to bring out this research work. It includes research design, sources of data, sampling procedure, tools for data collection, limitation of the study and data analysis and presentation. Chapter four presents the geographical socioeconomic background of the study area. The fifth chapter manifests analysis and interpretation of the data collected from the respondents. The sixth chapter includes summary, conclusion and recommendations made upon the analysis and interpretations o f the data. The references and appendices are given at the end. The study of women who returned from foreign employment was taking as 30 respondents from Neelakantha Municipality Dhading District. Out of them 37 % were the age between 25-30 year and only 10 % were of 35-40 % year of age and 56.7 % women was married and 43.3 % respondent were found unmarried . Out of them 51.7 % were literate and 48.3 % of them was illiterate 30 of them are Tamang, Chhetri, Lama and Dalit are 6.7 %. In this Municipality Hindus are 53.3 %, Christian and Buddhist are 10 % of total population. Overall 43 % foreign worker gets information from local v broker, 26.7 % from their relatives 20 % from friends and Medias, 33.3 % of worker goes through manpower, and 23 % of them goes themselves. In this Municipality 36.7 % of them went to Kuwait 36.7 % in Saudi Arabia, 23.3 % in other countries. Among employers 30 % paid 20-30 thousand, 20 % paid 30-40 thousand and some paid more the 60 thousand,50 % of respondent stay in 1-3 year and only 7 % of them stay abroad for 6-9 years for foreign employment 83.3 % workers in household/ housemaid,6.7 % of women workers in the company. In abroad 53 % of women work for 16-20 hours,7 % of them worker for 8-12 hours, 36.7 % of women gets salary below Rs. 10000 only, 30 % worker great 20 thousand and others get more than 20 thousand. After returning from foreign employment the economic condition of women seems improved them before, in which 36.7 % of them brought land, 72.7 % brought land at local place, 18.2 % nearest municipality, 72.7 % of workers spend 1 lakh to 5 lakh in land and 18.2 % spend above 5 lakh. Women who went abroad for employment 53.3% borrowed loan from others, 50 % of them borrowed loan from money lender, 24 % of them from different sources. Those who return from foreign employment out of 30 respondent 40 % had self employment, 30 % them involve in agricultural sector. Before abroad women had Rs 1216680 expenditure which is grown up to Rs 2050300, 73.3 % of them were involved in agriculture before foreign employment but after returning it has been reduce up to 43.3 % the decision making of female has been encourage up to 46.7 % because majority of women bought 1 lakh to 3 lakh from abroad. 30 % of workers had invested individually and 17.6 % had invested partnership. 43 % of women satisfied from present work but others are not satisfied, 77 % of women were participated in social activities but 23 % of them did not involve in any sectors. Those who return from foreign employment out of 30 respondents, 33.3% were involved in cooperatives and rest of others were involved in others sectors like women groups, Aama Samuh, NGOs etc. During my study, I found that such working women have been facing several problems such as issue of security lack of ownership on properties, lack of vocational education and skills. The presented data shows various aspects of migrant women vi workers and their foreign employment outputs. The study found that most of such working women were form Tamang community in Neelakantha Municipality Dhading. While researching, I found that the respondents got information about foreign employment from different sources. They got the information from local brokers, friend and relatives. They also got information various media such as radio, TV, Newspaper and social network sites on the internet. While preparing for the study, I found that various aspects of expenditure they had to make for foreign employment. Due to various reasons expenditure has increased and it has become very tough for most of the women migrant workers to go abroad for employment. Finally, as the research, during the study what I found that the overall condition of such working women has improved considerably. Their achievements have made their lives more comfortable, changing their social and economic status in the society. vii