Nepal, Binod2021-12-232021-12-232009https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14540/6667Novel xanthated apple waste derivative were prepared by chemical modification of apple waste using carbon disulphide (CS2) under different alkaline condition i.e. 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% NaOH concentration. The optimization of NaOH concentration in the xanthation process was evaluated by the adsorption of Fe3+ ions and subsequently by the evaluation of the total exchangeable protons by titration method. The total exchangeable protons were found to be 3, 4, 6 and 6 mole/kg for four types of xanthated apple waste (XAW), xanthated at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% NaOH concentration, respectively. Similarly, the maximum absorption capacity (qmax) value for the adsorption of Fe(III) were found to be 73.5, 105.26, 196.07 and 196.07 mg/g on four types of XAW xanthated at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% NaOH concentration, respectively. The experimental results showed that the optimal condition of NaOH concentration for the xanthation of apple waste was 15%. The qmax value for the adsorption of Al(III) onto the optimized XAW at optimum pH 4 was found to be 181.81 mg/gm. Kinetics and isotherm studies revealed that for both metals Langmuir isotherm fitted well and adsorption mainly followed pseudo-second order kinetics.en-USApple wasteOptimizationThesis