Botany
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing Botany by Issue Date
Now showing 1 - 20 of 299
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Comparative Study on Micropropagation of some Citrus Spp. Innepal(Department of Science and Technology, 2006) Prasai, KumarIn this investigation,invitrogermination, multiplication andacclimatiza-tionof virus free citrus plants was done. Lime seeds were germinated after 5 weeks of culture on CEMsupplemented with 500 mg/l of GA The germination of lemon seeds was foundto be better than of lime. Lemon did not express ployembryony but its seedlingsgave multiple shoots which was not expressed by lime. 3. Better multiple shoots were obtained from the nodal explants of limeAO (6) on MS-medium supplemented with 0.5mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Thebest multiple shoots of lime BO 1 (15) were obtained from the nodal explantswhen cultured in MS-medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA.Under similar conditions (MS-medium, supplemented with 1mg/l BAP +0.1mg/l NAA) among lime AO 1 1 (6), lime BO (15), lemon and Troyer Citrange,the best multiplication was observed in Troyer Citrange. 1 Basically, the main purpose of meristem culture was for viruselimination. The meristems were selected from the young shoot apices andcultured in filter paper bridge on MS-medium supplemented with BAP1mg +NAA0.1mg/l. Four meristems (16.16%) could be saved and multiplied for 6months attaining the size of about 0.5 cm which eventually turned brown anddied. Rooting of lime AO (6) in IBA 1 mg/l was found to be better onMS-medium. Similarly, 0.5 mg/l of NAA was also found to be optimum.Acclimatization was carried on non-sterile sand and soil mixture (1:1). About37.71% single rooted plants and 46.15% multiple rooted plants weresuccessfully acclimatized. The acclimatization was done inside screen house. 1 The whole protocol was developed for lime, lemon, mandarin orange andtrifoliate orange under in vitro(controlled) condition. All initial explants wereCTV-free and finally rooted and then successfully acclimatized.Lime AO (6)was also found to be CTV free by DAS-ELISA test. 1Item Effect of Fungicide Copper Oxychloride on dividing Cells of allium Cepal.(Department of Botany, 2006) K.C., SangitaThe present study describes a cytological experiment to determine the effect offungicide Copper oxychloride on the root meristematic cells ofAllium cepa.The root meristems were treated with different concentrations of Copperoxychloridei.e., 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075% and 0.1% for different duration oftime i.e., 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours for each concentration. In the study, mitotic index, phase indices and abnormality indices werecalculated and abnormal phases were studied. Mitotic index decreased withincreasing concentration and period of treatment. Mitotic index was least in0.1% concentration at 24 hours treatment. It shows that treatment with higherconcentrations and longer period of treatment is toxic. Prophase indexincreased with increase in concentration and period of treatment. Metaphaseand Ana-telophase indices showed decreasing tendency with increase inconcentration and period of treatment. Copper oxychloride induced various types of cellular abnormalities. Theabnormalities werediluted cells, unequal condensation of chromatin threads inprophase, equatorial plate shifting, C-metaphase, stickiness, disturbedmetaphase, diagonal anaphase, precocious chromosomes, precocious arms,laggards, bridges, fragmentation, sticky anaphase, pole shift in anaphase andtelophase, unequal cytokinesis, delay in cell plate formation, binucleated cells,unequal movement of chromosomes, diagonal telophase and unequalcondensation of daughter chromosomes. The abnormalities may be attributed tothe disturbance in the spindle mechanism and metabolic disturbances caused bythe chemical.The results obtained from the study shows that fungicide Copper oxychloride iscytologically effective, mito-depressive, clastogenic and is lethal at higherconcentrations.Item Cytological effects of the insecticide Penthoate in the somatic cell division of root meristem of Allium cepa L(Department of Botany, 2006) Karki, ShailendraNot availableItem Effect of Insecticide Imidacloprid on the Dividing Cells of Root Meristem of allium Cepal.(Department of Botany, 2006) Gurung, SitaImidaclolprid is a systematic, chloro-nicotinyl insecticide with soil, seedand foliar uses for the control of sucking insects including rice hoppers,aphids, whiteflies, termites, turf, soil insects and some beetles.In presentwork the cytological effects of insecticide Imidacloprid on rootmeristematics cells of Allium cepa L. were studied. The differentconcentration of insecticide i.e.25%, 50%, 75% and100% were treated indifferent time periods i.e. 3,6,12, and 24 hours separately.The observation data was used tocalculate the chi-square value and wasrecorded as 3.3 indicating less effectiveness of the chemical. The mitoticindex value of treated meristem was higher than control at differentconcentration in all cased expcept some interruption in some periodictreatment. This increased in mitotic index reveals mitoactivative action ofthe insecticide Imidacloprid. Among the phase Indic, the prophase indexis generally higher which increase as the concentration and time periodincreases. Increase in prophase index show prophase poisoning i.e.inhibits further division.Besides such activities this chemical also shows slight mutagenic effect.The percentage of abnormal cells increased with the increasing inconcentrations and time period. The common types of abnormality werec-metaphase plasmolysed cells, shifting of poles, precocious arm.Other types of abnormalities found in certain concentration are bridges,breaks in chromosome, star metaphase, fragmentation of chromosomesetc. Present observation indicates that turbugenicm, cytotoxic andmitodipressive inhibition of the spindle mechanism are the accumulativeeffects of insecticide Imidacloprid.From the observed result, it is clear that the insecticide Imidacloprid iscytologically effective chemical to the plant in different concentrationand time of treatment causing toxic effect on chromosomal behaviour.Item Antifungal Effects of Some Plant Essential Oils Against botrytis Cinerea(Department of Botany, 2006) Neupane, AshokBotrytis cinerea causes the gray mold fruit rot of strawberry. The causalpathogen was isolated from the infected strawberry fruit. Pathogenecity test was carried out for the confirmation of disease. Thymus linearis, Artemisiagmelinii and Tanacetum gracile were collected from Manang as part of the NUFU funded project.Artemisia indica and Murraya koenigii were collectedfrom the local garden of Central Department of Botany TU. These all fiveplants were hydrodistilled in the lab for the extraction of essential oils. Eachessential oil was diluted to different concentrations of 10,000 ppm, 5,000 ppm,2,500 ppm, 1,250 ppm and 625 ppm in 80% acetone. The essential oil ofArtemisia gmelinii was further diluted to 12,500 ppm, 25,000 ppm, 50,000ppm, 75,000 ppm and 1,00000 ppm for finding out the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The essential oil of Artemisia indica was further diluted in to 20,000 ppm, 40,000 ppm, 60,000 ppm and 80,000 ppm respectively. Fungitoxicity was assessed by poisoned food technique. Essential oil of Thymus linearis showed the highest fungitoxicity (100%) at the concentrationof 10,000-ppm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of differentessential oils was calculated. MIC of Thymus linearis was 10,000 ppm, i.e. at 10,000-ppm concentration; complete inhibition of colony growth of Botrytiscinereais seen. MIC of Artemisia indica was found to be 60,000 ppm and MIC of Artemisia gmelinii was found to be 75,000 ppm against Botrytis cinerea.Item In Vitrostudy of Medicinal Plant(Rauvolfia Serpentina(L.) Benth. Ex. Kurz.)(Department of Botany, 2006) Aryal, SaraswotiNot availableItem Effect of blue Green Algae in rice productivity:Acomparison of Field and Pot Trials in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal(Department of Botany, 2006) Paudel, Yagya PrasadRice is one of the oldest cultivated crops and single most importantstaple food crop for more than a third of the world's population. It is themain cereal grain and important staple food crop of Nepal. Nepal isimporting chemical fertilizers from other countries for rice production.On the other hand there is a problem of transportation of fertilizers inhilly areas. The inoculation of Blue Green Algale is an alternative sourceof nitrogen to increase the rice productivity. The mixed inoculum ofNostoc, Anabaena,Westiellopsis, AulosiraandScytonemawas used infield and pot trials. Similarly a single inoculum of Anabaenawas alsoused to compare the most effective treatment. The rice varieties usedwere NR 10414 and Mansuli. From the field and pot trials the BGAmixed inoculum with N:P:K (30:20:20) was found most effective for riceproductivity. The grain yield ranged from 7.1%-23.6% whereas theincrease in straw yield ranged from 7.2%-22.2%. The BGA inoculumwas found helpful in increasing the chlorophyll ofrice plant. BGA addedNitrogen and Organic matter to the rice grown soil.Item Treatment of Organophosphorus Insecticide Monocrotophos and Its Effect in Dividing Cells of Allium Cepa L.(Department of Botany, 2006) Oli, Tek BahadurThe cytological effects of organophosphorus insecticide“Monocrotophos” has been studied on root meristem of Allium cepaIL. The out come of study is shown that Monocrotophos inducedmitodepresive effect and chromotixic (cytological abnormalities). Theeffect included high lethality for cell division, c-metaphase,fragments, breaks, laggards, stickness and disturbed polarity. The main abnormalities were plasmolysed cells, polar shifting(diagonally arranged chromosome in anaphase and telophase), c-metaphase, stickey metaphase, precocious arms, larggard, bridge,breaks in chromosome arms, fragmentation of chromosomes, delayedcytokinesis, diagonal cytokinesis, unequal cytokinesis and bi and trinucleated in some cases.Item Ex Situ Conservation of Two Orchid Species Viz. Cymbidium Elegan Slindley. and Dendrobium Densiflorum Lindl. by Tissue Culture Technique(Department of Botany, 2006) Pradhan, ShreetiCymbidium elegans Lindley. and Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl. are two important orchids especially used for horticultural purposes. Both of these species are listed as rare and critically endangered (CITES, Appendix II)For the conservation and propagation of these species, the present study was conducted to determine the germination of both the species and invitro mass propagation of D. densiflorum Lindl. by using MS medium(Murashige and Skoog medium, 1962) and MS medium supplemented with different growth regulators. MS medium supplemented with BAP 1mg/l was the most effective for in vitroseed germination of C. elegans Lindley. in which germination started after 9 weeks of inoculation where as the MS basal medium was most effective for in vitro seedgermination of D. densiflorum Lindl. in which germination was startedafter 5 weeks of inoculation. Shoot tip and root tip explants obtained fromin vitrogrown seedling ofD. densiflorum Lindl. was cultured in MS basalmedium and MS supplemented with various combinations of BAP andNAA. The maximum number of healthy shoots was observed in MS +BAP 2 mg/l + NAA 0.5 mg/l medium (4.0 shoots/culture). The appropriate medium for root tip development was found tobe MS + BAP1.5 mg/l (7.25 shoots/culture). For rooting, shoot tip explants from invitromultiplied shoots of D.densiflorum Lindl. were rooted by using different concentrations of IAA, IBA and NAA. The rooting wasobserved after 10 weeks of culture of shoot tips. MS + IBA 1.5 mg/l (4.5roots/culture) was found to be more effective for maximum number and enlargement of roots. Thein vitropropagated plantlets were subjected for acclimatization.Item Ex-Situconser Ex-Situconservation of Protectedmedicinal Plants:Valeriana Jatamansi Jones Andrauvolfia Serpentinal. Benth.Ex Kurz. By Tissue Culture Technique2(Department of Botany, 2006) Nepal, Yadu Ram SharmaSubculture of in-vitro nodes ofValeriana jatamansii Jones was carried out for sixconsecutive batches or passages on MS medium supplemented with 1 ppm BAP and0.5 ppm NAA. Optimum number of shoots (average 11 shoots) was obtained in thefifth batch. The shoots were acclimatized and hardened in three different media:cocopit, sand and the mixture of sand and soil (1:1 v/v). The highest percentage ofsurvival in-vivo(91.6%) was achieved in cocopit followed by sand (83.3%). Theshoots and their roots appeared healthy and longer in cocopit. However, the in-vitroplants hardened in sand adapted to the soil relatively faster and with over 95%survival rate. The density of roots was relatively higher in the plants hardened in sand.The size of the rhizome seemed bigger in those plants which were hardened in sandand then transferred them into the soil. The in-vitroraised plants hardened in cocopitwere slow and ineffective for rapid adaptation in the soil. Nodes from the in-vitro developed shoots of Valeriana jatamansii Jones weresubcultured in MS medium supplemented with four different concentrations of NAA:0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 1.5 ppm and 2 ppm NAA for the production of root mass. profuse ofroot mass of root was observed in MS + 0.5 ppm NAA. Next, the most effectivestrength of MS for the optimum proliferation of hairy roots was verified byinoculating the in-vitrodeveloped nodal explants in four different strengths of MS medium: 41 MS, 21 MS, 43 MS and full strength of MS, supplemented each with 0.5 ppm NAA. Maximum proliferation of hairy roots was observed in NAA. 21 Next, shoot tips and nodes from thein-vivoplants ofRauvolfia serpentinaL. Benth.ex Kurz were inoculated on MS media with fifteen different combinations andconcentrations of BAP and NAA. Shoot tip explants responded with healthy anddistinct multiple shoots in MS + 2 ppm BAP + 0.5 ppm NAA. Multiple shoots werediffirentiated from the callus. The nodal explants differentiated into, healthy andrelatively sturdy shoots in MS + 0.5 ppm BAP + 0.5 ppm NAA. There was no callusformation. This protocol may be appropriate to produce genetically homogenous progeny of the plant. Shoot tip explants differentiated optimum callus, without anyshoot and leaf, in MS + 0.5 ppm BAP + 1 ppm NAA. Nodal explants produced soft,dark-brown callus with upper green surface in MS + 1.5 ppm BAP + 1 ppm NAA.Single shoot appeared fromthe callus.Item Study of Anatomical Structures of Leaf and Rootof Subtribe Coelogyninae Bentham (Orchidaceae)(Department of Botany, 2006) Dangol, GitaNot availableItem Effect of Distillery Industrial Effulent on Agricultural Crops and Environmental Justice: A Case Study of Khajura VDC, Banke(Department of Botany, 2007) Ale, RitaEffluent discharged from the Karnali distillery Pvt. Ltd was analyzed to measure its effect on agricultural crops and environmental justice. Various physico chemical parameters like pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Particles), Nitrogen (N), ( Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and some heavy metals such as iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu) were analyzed and found most of the physicochemical parameters were above the toxic level set by Nepal bureau standard. The analysis of physico chemical parameters of the soil irrigated with effluent polluted water showed appreciable increase in the soil nutrients (Organic Matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) along with the increase of toxic heavy metals such as Fe, Cd, Mn and Pb in the soil which has affected annual crop productivity by around 40 percent. Similarly the effect of the effluent on seed germination, seedling growth, fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings of two test crops (Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum) were also analyzed with statistical test and found the effect was different according to the test species and concentration of treatment. Higher concentrations (10%, 25%) were found completely inhibitory where as lower concentrations (1%, 5%) were found stimulatory and reached up to the level of control. The present study showed that the distillery effluent was highly loaded with organic pollutants along with harmful heavy metals which showed significant effect on soil quality and the crop productivity and was also responsible for the environmental injustice of the local people in terms of crop production, compensation and environmental hazards.Item Pathogenic Soil Fungi and Plant Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Carrot in Eastern Hills of Nepal(Department of Botany, 2007) Pudasaini, Mahesh PrasadAvailable With Full TextItem Contribution to the Flora of Lower Manang (Gyasumdo) and its Adjoining Areas, Central Nepal(Department of Zoology, 2007) Adhikari, KapilFloristic study was conducted in Gyasumdo and its adjoining area of Manang district, central Nepal to explore and document Angiospermic flora. The study area covers Gyasumdo area, lower part of Manang at altitudes from 1600m (Tal) to 3400m (Humde). Three field visits were made from June-October 2006. Altogether from the present study area 245 species under 203 genera and 79 families including 5 varieties (2 species were identified upto generic level only) were identified and described upto the species level. Among them, 189 species of Dicotyledonae belong to 153 genera and 65 families and 56 species of Monocotyledonae belong to 50 genera and 14 families. The study revealed four taxa as new record for Nepal. They are: Calamagrostis lahulensis G. Singh (Gramineae), Oryzopsis aequiglumis Duthie ex Hook. f. (Gramineae), Cyperus squarrosus L. (Cyperaceae), and Platanthera edgeworthii R. K. Gupta (Orchidaceae). Altogether 79 species were found having different altitudinal ranges than reported in Hara et al. (1978, 1979 and 1982) and Press et al. (2000). Likely 13 species were found having new locality to central Nepal. The present study area was found to be dominated by Compositae with 30 species followed by Labiatae (22 species), Rosaceae (16 species), Gramineae (16 species), Orchidaceae (15 species), Leguminosae (14 species), Ranunculaceae (12 species), Polygonaceae (10 species), Scrophulariaceae and Cyperaceae (8 species each), Gentianaceae (7 species) and Umbelliferae (5 species). The largest genera recorded were Swertia and Elsholtzia with 4 species each followed by Geranium, Strobilanthes, Viburnum, Anaphalis and Carex with 3 species each and so on. Two monotypic families Cannabaceae and Toricelliaceae were reported from the study area. The study area was dominated by the Eastern elements and differed from upper Manang which was dominated by Western elements in the horizontal distribution of floristic elements.Item In Vitro Study of Neopicrorhiza Scrophulariiflora (Pennell) Hong(Department of Botany, 2007) Shrestha, SrijanaMicropropagation of Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Pennell) Hong an important endangered medicinal plant, was taken for this investigation. The explants (root, internode, node and shoot tip) obtained from in vitro grown seeds were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of BAP and NAA. Seeds were sown on MS medium and 40% of seed germination was found after 4 weeks. Shoot tip explant gave the most satisfactory result for shoot multiplication. Shoot tip explant cultured on MS + BAP (1ppm) + NAA (0.5ppm) produced maximum but reduced shoots. These microshoots with callus when cultured on MS hormone free media produced elongated shoots. MS media with BAP (1ppm) and NAA (0.5ppm) was found to be best for callus induction and shoot multiplication whereas elongation of shoot was done in hormone free MS media. MS media without auxin and with auxins (IAA, NAA and IBA) were used to induce rooting. Among these, auxin free media induced longer roots without formation of callus at base of shoots whereas all other combinations with auxins produced basal callus and hairy roots. Rooted plantlets were transferred on the pot containing soil: sand: vermiculite in 1:1:1 ratio with high humidity.Item Quantitative Analysis Temperate Coniferous Forest at Chame, Manang, Central Nepal(Department of Botany, 2007) Gurung, Mingta MayaA quantitative vegetation study was undertaken in the forest of Chame located between Bagarchhap and Bratang. It is a head quarter of Manang district which lies on northern part of Annapurna Conservation area. The study was carried out in both north and south facing slopes ranging from 2400m asl to 2800m asl. Field sampling was conducted in two seasons, one in July and other in November. Random sampling method was used and altogether 49 quadrates of size (10m X 10m) were laid in four sites. In total 55 species were recorded from all four sites. Number of species was found higher in site II (2500m-2600m) & IV (2700m-2800m). Frequency, density, coverage, Importance Value Index, species diversity and soil parameters were analyzed. Considering the Importance Value Index, Pinus wallichiana was most dominant one followed by Picea smithiana. Species richness was calculated in terms of number of species and diversity index values, which were found highest in site IV. Similarity index was found highest between site I (2400m-2500m) & IV (2700m-2800m). Soil analysis showed moderate acidic in nature. Statistical analysis showed that there was significant positive relation between total density and total basal area of trees but negative correlation between total densities of shrubs/sapling. Similarly negative relation was obtained between shrub density and herb species richness. However species richness increased with increase in radiation index. On the whole present study revealed that biotic factor plays a leading role in composition and vegetation distribution other than factors such as soil characters, nutrients, climate, temperature, etc.Item Antifungal Activities of Essential Oils and Crude Extracts of Some Aromatic Plants Against Fusarium Rot of Trichosanthes Dioica Roxb(Department of Botany, 2007) Wagle, BinaThe infected Pointed gourds samples were collected from the local market of Kathmandu Valley. The fungus isolated from the infected Pointed gourds was identified as Fusarium solani, which was responsible for the storage fruit rot disease. Pathogenicity test was carried out for the confirmation of disease by transferring the inoculum from the pure culture of Fusarium solani to healthy Pointed gourds. For the control, the essential oils and extracts from five aromatic plants viz. Zanthoxylum armatum, Mentha arvensis, Amomum subulatum, Valeriana jatamansi and Cymbopogon flexuosus were used to assess their fungitoxic activities against the test fungus. Each essential oils was diluted to different concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0µlml-1 (in 80% Acetone) and the extracts were diluted in to 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 & 100 µlml-1 (in distilled water). The value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and percentage of mycelial growth inhibition of the essential oils and extracts were obtained as, the oil and extract of Cymbopogon flexuosus showed the highest fungitoxicity (100%) at the concentration of 5.0 and 50 µlml-1, similarly the oils and extracts of Zanthoxylum armatum, Mentha arvensis, Amomum subulatum and Valeriana jatamansi were found to be 10 and 100 µlml-1 respectively. The percentages of mycelial growth inhibition were found to be different, according to their different concentration of each essential oils and extracts. The highest percentage of mycelial growth inhibition were found to be oils of Cymbopogon flexuosus followed by Amomum subulatum, Zanthoxylum armatum, Mentha arvensis and Valeriana jatamansi respectively and similarly extracts of Cymbopogon flexuosus followed by Zanthoxylum armatum, Amomum subulatum, Valeriana jatamansi and Mentha arvensis respectively. Thus comparative fungitoxicities of five different essential oils and extracts were observed against Fusarium solani.Item Study on Essential Oil of Valeriana Jatamansii Jones(Department of Botany, 2007) Pokharel, Basanta RajIn the present investigation, phytochemical screening, biological screening and the study of essential oil constituents of hairy roots produced in-vitro and in–vivo rhizomes of Valeriana jatamansii Jones. were carried out. Phytochemical screening of different samples showed the presence of fatty acids, reducing compounds, basic alkaloids, flavone glycosides,sterol and triterpenes. Biological screening carried out using brine–shrimp nauplii showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of in–vitro rhizomes as the most appropriate fraction for study of cytotoxic activities. The amount of essential oil was found the highest in the hairy roots produced in 0.5mg/lNAA ie.(0.80%) and the minimum in the rhizomes collected from pyuthan i.e (0.56%). A total of seventeen compounds present in the essential oil could be identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis followed by mass library search. Patchoulenone, 1,2–butyl octyl ester of benzene dicarboxylic acid and bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate were found only in the oil obtained from hairy roots .Item Taxonomy of the Genus Hedychium (Zingiberaceae) in Nepal(Department of Botany, 2007) Mishra, ShamikNot AvailableItem Ethnomedicinal Knowledge of Tamang Communities in Rasuwa District, Nepal(Department of Botany, 2007) Prasai, DeepshikhaLangtang National Park (LNP) is the second nearest park from Kathmandu situated directly to the north of it and lying in the central Himalayan region. LNP encompasses three districts: Rasuwa, Nuwakot and Sindhupalchowk in Central Nepal. Rasuwa covers almost 56 % of the total area of the park. The park offers a rich cultural diversity. The main ethnic group in the LNP is Tamangs. They are thought to have originated from Tibet and they occupy the entire portion of Rasuwa district. Tamangs constitute about 65 percent of the total population of Rasuwa. Flora of LNP represents many species, which are highly valuable to local people for medicine, food, fodder, timber, fuel, condiment, dye, etc. The present study was undertaken in three VDCs of Rasuwa district within LNP to document ethno-botanical information of ethnic Tamang communities. The study was accompanied by three field visits which were made between Jun 2005 and Sep 2006. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect traditional ethnomedicinal information. Preference analysis was carried out to assess the most preferred species of medicinal plants in the area. Rich traditional knowledge of the Tamang community on utilization of plant resources has unraveled medicinal value of many useful plants. The present study has documented 46 species of highly utilized medicinal plants from the area that are used for the treatment of 24 different ailments. The most commonly used part is the root. Root of about 47 % of the plants is used in local therapeutics. Similarly, leaves and stem constitute about 13 % of the total utilized plants, followed by fruit and bark (8 %), whole plant (6 %), flower (3 %) and seed (2 %). Cultivation of medicinal plants is in preliminary phase and is limited to few households and few medicinal herbs only. Out of 120 households in Thulo syaphru village, only 6 households have cultivated medicinal herbs in their farm lands. The species that are in cultivation includes Swertia chirayita, Rheum australe, Paris polyphylla and Valeriana jatamansii. About 10 % of the people in Thulo Syabru village depend upon cultivated products and the remaining 90 % utilizes forest resources. Higher dependency of the local community on wild resources and less availability of these resources in nature has put them under high threat risk. Promotion of cultivation practices and sustainable utilization of the resources seems to be the most viable option for their effective management.