Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-02"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Expression of Repressed Desires in Satyajit Ray's Devi(Central Department of English Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 2016-02) Rai, Om BahadurSatyajit Ray's Devi: The Goddess is often critiqued as a film about disillusionment, decadence and disintegration. It indeed deals with religious superstition, degradation of feudalism and the tragedy of a colonial era conservative Hindu family split between two world views about the existence of the almighty in the late nineteenth century Bengali society. But this thesis tries to explore and examine the underlying theme of expression of repressed desires in the film. Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis is the tool to explore this theme, with an emphasis on how he interprets dream sequences to decode the desires that the human begins repress in their subconscious mind thanks to legal, social and moral restrictions. Ray has denied implying anything erotic, incestuous or taboo. Nevertheless, the symbols and images found in his cinematic craft suggest the Freudian undertone in Ray's classic. By interpreting the dream of Kalikinkar, one of the three major characters of the film, with the help of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, this thesis reaches a conclusion that Devi: The Goddess is as much about expression of repressed desires as it is about mysticism, fanaticism, obsession, fate and feminism. The thesis also discusses the concept of Electra complex to apply the process of role reversal to understand how Kalikinkar sees Doyamoyee, who is actually his daughter-in-law, as his motherItem Role of Remittance in Rural Poverty Reduction(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2016-02) Kafle, SamjhanaThe increased global integration and the enhancement in communication technology have facilitated migration of youths from Nepal to foreign countries; as a result, the flow of remittances started growing at a higher pace from gulf and other countries to Nepal. Consequently, remittance has become an important contributor to Nepalese economy. The present thesis entitled,' Role of remittance in rural poverty reduction: A case study of Barre VDC, Udayapur district' aims to examine the contribution of the remittance in rural poverty reduction of the study area. It further analyzes the nature and extent of remittance income and measures the socio-economic impact of remittance on poverty reduction of the study area. The design of this study was pre- and post recall as well as comparison of remittance receiving household with remittance non receiving householders. This study adopted the descriptive and analytical method. It was found that remittance has increased their household economic and social indicators after returning from foreign employment. It was found that majority of households improved the conditions of housing, provided good education of their children, improved the health of their family members. Moreover, they have started to wear good clothes and increased the savings. It has been concluded that the economic and social condition of all families who have involved in foreign employment have been increased. It was in both aspects i. e. economic as well as social. Therefore, Remittance income brought positive changes in the status of the families of the respondents. The thesis is important for stakeholders who are at national policymaking level. In addition, it is also a vital document for concerned Village Council for making policy related to migrant workers and utilization of remittance in productive sectors.Item Complexity Reduction of Reliability Based Decoding of Linear Block Codes(Pulchowk Campus, 2016-02) Adhikari, SulavThe Reliability Based Algorithm for linear block codes is investigated. The decoding complexity is increased when the length of information bits of linear block codes is increased. A Simplified statistical approach to evaluate the error performance bound of Reliability Based Algorithm of Linear Block Codes is investigated. First, one novel statistic is proposed which depicts the number of error contain in the ordered received noisy codewords. Also, another new statistic is proposed which compare the hamming distance between the permuted received word and the reprocessing codeword only on the parity check section. Then, the Probability Density Function (PDF) and the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) for each statistics are derived. Also, the new Probabilistic Threshold Test in combination with basic order-I reprocessing is proposed which compare the decision statistic evaluated only on the parity check section for all reprocessing codeword corresponding to TEP of any permissible order. Finally, with proposed approach, reduction of the number of Test Error Patterns (TEPs) is obtained to calculate the required codeword which reduces the decoding complexity.Item QoS Improvement in MANET Using Crosslayer Back Pressure Routing with Adaptive Redundancy(Pulchowk Campus, 2016-02) Ghimire, AshutoshA MANET is an autonomous collection of mobile users that communicate over relatively bandwidth constrained wireless links. MANET are both self-forming and self-healing, enabling peer-level communications between mobile nodes without reliance on centralized resources or fixed infrastructure. Although, many routing protocols have been developed for MANET, widespread use of MANET have not been seen outside of experimental labs and simulation environment. Energy efficiency and delay performance of existing routing protocols are not good enough as they do not consider energy as a parameter and thus need to be optimized. In this research two existing concepts; adding Adaptive Redundancy and Crosslayer routing to improve delay and energy efficiency respectively are merged to form a new routing model. Furthermore, the proposed model of Crosslayer Back Pressure Routing with Adaptive Redundancy has been tested and compared with existing routing protocols using NS-3 and found to have the best delay and energy performance.Item Performance Analysis Based on Battery Power Condition Over Wireless Sensor Network(Pulchowk Campus, 2016-02) Jha,Tantra NathWireless sensor network(WSN) is an emerging technology that has been popularized by its wide range of potential applications including military surveillance, habitat monitoring, object tracking, traffic monitoring, etc. The area that cannot be accessed easily are monitored by WSNs. The major problem or challenge of WSN is the life time of network or node due to depletion of battery energy. In many application of wireless sensor network there may be the need for the packets to be transmitted as soon as possible in such cases the slight delay can make large differences. Here, energy based routing protocol called Battery Condition Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector (BCAODV) has used to improve the system performance of the WSN. The concept of priority of packet has been also used to handle the sensitive or delay tolerant packet. The system performance has been analyzed on the basis of packet delivery ratio, throughput and end to end delay. The packet delivery ratio and throughput has been found to be batter in case of the BCAODV than AODV protocol. However the end to end delay is better in the later one protocol. The time taken by the sensitive packet to reach its intended destination has improved when using priority. The algorithm development and simulation are carried out in Network Simulator (NS2).Item Resistance against the Subordinate Position of Women in Steinbeck‘s East of Eden(Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Central Department of English, 2016-02) Khanal, BalendraThe novel East of Eden is a depiction of the resistance of a woman from her subordinate position in the patriarchal society. Applying the women subaltern theory of Gyatri C. Spivak this research assesses the rebellion of the entire domination of the femininity in society. This thesis presents how the females are subordinated in patriarchy. The central story revolves around a woman who kills her parents and tries to abort her not-born children to be free from all kinds of feminine trap given by the male dominated society in the name of household task and responsibilities of a woman. The strong resistance has shown in her every activity shown for the male. She becomes like a woman who is a threat for patriarchy. Cathy is an example of women‘s resistance She is a woman who exercises her sexuality in brothel houses. The society and social norms and tradition make the women meek by imposing all kinds of family task such as giving birth and taking care of children, satisfying her husband and being loyal to him. But, the major character Cathy rejects all kinds of stereotypical roles. She resists the patriarchy‘s imposition that subordinated her.Item Using One-Bit Sigma-Delta Modulator for DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM Visible Light Communication System(Pulchowk Campus, 2016-02) Karkee, KobidVisible light communication based on white light emitting diodes provides optical wireless communication from 400 nm to 700 nm. Simple two-level on-off keying and pulse-position modulation are supported in IEEE standard 802.15.7 due to their compatibility with existing constant current light emitting diode drivers, but their low spectral efficiency have limited the achievable data rates in visible light communication. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing has been applied to visible light communication due to its high spectral efficiency and ability to combat inter-symbol-interference. Direct current biased and asymmetrically-clipped are modified optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing for visible light communication. The continuous magnitude of orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signals requires complicated mixed-signal digital-to-analog converter and modification of light emitting diode drivers. In this thesis, a one-bit sigma-delta modulator is introduced to the transmit signal generated by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing which produces two level output to drive the light emitting diodes. Such modification is compatible with the current light emitting diode lighting systems and drivers as the output of the one-bit sigma-delta modulator is equivalent to on-off keying signal, thus is immune to system nonlinearities. The use of sigma-delta modulator retains high spectral efficiency as the original input signal and improves the bit-error performance with respect to signal to noise ratio of the system as well.Item “Seismic Stability Chart For Vegetated Homogeneous Dry Soil Slopes”(Pulchowk Campus, 2016-02) Giri, PujanNepal is mountainous country perched in the subduction zone of Indian & Tibetan plate. Most of the landscape being covered with vegetation and being placed at the seismically prone area, a seismic stability chart that incorporates the effect of vegetation can aid in the preparedness against seismically induced landslide hazards. Development of stability chart is a tedious, time consuming and computationally intensive task. So this thesis work presents a set of codes written in Visual Basic 6.0 that exploits the potential of command driven software SPECFEM3D_GEOTECH in batch processing. Using batch processing, factor of safety of 8640 models have been computed. The models include 4 slope geometry 2H:1V, 1.5H:1V, 1H:1V & 0.5H:1V, having soil cohesion 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 KN/m2, and friction angle, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 degrees. Effect of vegetation has been modelled with a different layer of top soil; which has thickness equal to that of root depth and soil cohesion increased by a value equal to that of root cohesion. Root cohesion value 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 KN/m2 and root depth 1, 2, 3 m have been adopted. And, the models are subjected to horizontal pseudo static seismic excitation of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3g along the direction of slope. As the final outcome of this thesis work a set of nine charts have been developed in the format as prescribed by Michalowski (1998). These charts can be used to assess factor of safety of vegetated homogenous dry soil slopes. However, as these charts cannot distinguish whether the stability of slope is due to application of vegetation or the soil itself, three additional charts have been proposed to quickly assess the significance of vegetation in slope stability. Further using SPSS, multi variable linear regression analysis has been performed to formulate an equation for FOS of vegetated dry homogenous soil slopes as given below; = 0.533 + 5.397 + 1.344 tan ∅ − 0.301 tan + 0.035 + 0.006 − 1.521 The equation has regression coefficient R2 0.916 and standard error 0.137. Verification of the work has been carried out using commercial software Phase 2; which shows a strong correlation with the results from SPECFEM3D_GEOTECH.Item Blurring of Power as Justice in Herman Melville‟s Billy Budd, the Sailor(Central Department of English, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 2016-02) Sen, ShraddhaThis study makes an attempt to explore the idea of influence of power on the pronouncement of justice. The idea of justice is as old as the human civilization; however, the notion of fairness and equality associated with it are often in controversy because it is influenced or manipulated by the flow of power. It is often found that justice becomes arbitrary in the hand of those who hold power. In Billy Budd, the Sailor we find that Captain Vere is the commander-in-chief of a British ship in the Pacific Ocean. The act of immediate but innocent reaction does not amount to death penalty. But, in the eye of law that is Captain of the Ship, this event is amounting to death penalty. Captain Vere goes on to punish Budd with death penalty in the name of justice given to him by law. The notion of justice is purely the use of power and that too, based on the conscience of an individual. The notion of justice is clearly an output of power as, the Captain has the power to impose his will upon the fellow sailors at the ship.Item Resistance to the Invasion of Land in Sarah Joseph’s Gift in Green(Central Department of English Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 2016-02) Mahata, PreranaThis research work makes an attempt to explore the idea of resistance to the invasion of land in Gift in Green, by Sarah Joseph by applying ecofeministic perspective. The male characters such as Dinakaran, Kumaran, Markose and Ambu involving in the so-called developmental works through constructions and the encroachment of the resources of the island turning its agricultural lands into concrete jungles. The female characters such as Ponmani, Kunjootan, and Shailaja, Karthiyani, who love and feel of being attached themselves with farming, fishing and cultivating. They have passionate attachment with the mother earth. They do not do any harm to the land of Aathi. They never imagine leaving the island. They hate people who come to buy the fertile land there. They also do not like people who sell and lease their productive land for money and job. They have special attachment with the water and land of Aathi. They have also protested and defied against the idea of constructing bridge destroying and devastating the productive land of Aathi. They also love animals and birds of the island. They are in a sense living in a perfect harmony with the nature and its beauty. In fact, female characters are striving and aspiring to keep the ideal of Aathi intact by performing their eco-friendly activities. While their male counterparts simply perform the so-called eco-inimical activities, that finally bring destruction and devastation in the island. Women have soft corner and regard land as an organic entity while men are seen exploiter of the land and consume land as an inorganic object. Therefore, nature is seen as the embodiment of all the characteristics that women possess.