Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-03"
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Item Quarterly Forecasting Model for India's Economic Growth: Bayesian Vector Autoregression Approach(2019-03) ADB; Iyer, Tara; Sen Gupta, AbhijitItem E-Mobility Options for ADB Developing Member Countries(2019-03) ADB; Grütter, Jürg M.; Kim, Ki-JoonItem Education Management Organizations Program in Sindh, Pakistan: Public–Private Partnership Profile(2019-03) ADB; LaRocque, Norman; Sipahimalani-Rao, VandanaItem Hire Purchase Financing of Paschimanchal Finance Co. Ltd., Butwal(Faculty of Management, Prithvi Narayan Campus, Pokhara, 2019-03) Singjali, DeeyasItem Asia Bond Monitor – March 2019(2019-03) ADBItem Asian Development Review: Volume 36, Number 1(2019-03) ADBItem Socio Economic Change After Using Improved Cooking Stoves(ICS) A Case Study Of Deumai Municipality Ward No 9, Jitpur, Ilam, District(Department of Rural Development, 2019-03) Chapagain, Indra KumarThe study entitled was carried out in Socio-economic Change After Using Improved Cooking Stoves(ICS) on Rural Community:A Case Study of Deumai Municipality Ward No 9, Jitpur of Ilam,and district. In this topic we try to analyze the analyses financial requirements and cost of ICS, identify health impact on women and children and study the consumption of forest preservation of the study area. For the study, Improved Cooking Stoves (ICS) installed households were selected randomly including both men and women. The study covers only one wardNo9, of Deumai Municipality Ilam district.The study was based on primary as well as secondary sources of information. The secondary information was collected from previous researches, journals, publications and related materials of ICS. The research technique included household survey, interview with key informants and field observation. The study included the fuel wood consumption at the household level, impact on the health of women and children, time saving on collection of fuel wood and cooking and natural resource conservation for the sustainability in environment. As the universe of the study, there were 945households in the study area among the total95households (10percent)were selected to conduct the study. For the research design of the study, exploratory and descriptive research design is used to assess impact of ICS in the sampled household. Household survey, field visit and observation, focused group discussion was conducted to get the actual information from the respondents household to get the primary data. The secondary data was also collected from previous research,journals, publications and related documents related to the study. Finally, based on the field survey report,people feel that pollution has been reduced such has indoor air pollution due to smoke coming out from traditional stoves. The pots do not get black due to smoke and takes less time to clean. Therefore, mostly women and children are relief from the problem due to smoke, dust resulting good sanitation and reduction in their work without any compromised. Thus, the impact of the ICS has seen positive in Deumai Municipality Ward No 9, Jitpur of Ilam District, which is the neighboring Municipality Ward of District Headquarter Impact of ICS on firewood consumption, in cooking time, on health and environment and forest conservation is clearly visible in Deumai Municipal Ward No 9 Jitpur. This directly decreases the collection time of fuel wood. The study revealed that fuel wood collection time was reduced. Time is also saved from improved cooking stoves. The average time saved during cooking was compared to the traditional stoves. The health problems were reduced resulting less medical expenses. Using of ICS has contributed significantly in forest conservation as reduction in fuel wood collection, decrease in illegal tree felling, decreased in fire wood sale and forest was seen denser in Deumai Municipality Ward No 9, Jitpur. People feel that pollution has been reduced such has indoor air pollution due to smoke coming out from traditional stoves. The pots do not get black due to smoke and takes less time to clean. So, women were got relief from the problem of smoke and dust seen good sanitation and reduction in their work drudgeries.Thus, it can be concluded that the positive impact of the ICS is seen in Municipality Ward No 9, Jitpur of Ilam District.Item An Analysis Of Post Disaster Response Through Gender Perspective (A Case Study of Earthquake Affected Area Of Sindhupalchowk District)(Department of Sociology, 2019-03) Paudel, Ambika KumariThe literature on gender and disasters powerfully documents the importance of including gender considerations in disaster prevention, emergency response, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. As a consequence of the social context of gender relationships, men and women have different roles, responsibilities, capacities, resources, and experiences in virtually all societies. The Impact of earthquake in different aspect of society has been portrayed with many dimension, however there is lack of study on the gender face of disaster and post disaster situation. Therefore, this study has been carried out to explore the gender face of earthquake in light with standpoint and Marxist theory. A research framework has been developed, field study was done and research around was carried out to explore; how women were affected and what was the vulnerability they faced being a subordinated person in the society. It was found that women were more vulnerable than man with the disaster. The majority of recovery efforts to date still reflect traditional gender stereotypes that largely prioritize the needs and contributions of men. Male biased perspectives dominate policies and intervention processes, often excluding women from equitable compensation and assistance and subsequently placing them at even greater risk of future harm of hazards and disasters. Damage, needs, and vulnerability assessments too often fail to capture the different impacts of disasters and disaster response on men and women. Additionally, the immense contributions women make to recovery too often go unrecognized, while the marginalization of their skills and knowledge limits their opportunities to play a greater role in building back better. The study suggests developing a gender sensitive disaster risk management framework to cope with the post disaster situation keeping in mind the women's socio-cultural position in the society. This needs to reform the policies, practices and social strata of women so that they would not much vulnerable and burdened during natural disaster and post management period.Item Sri Lanka’s Macroeconomic Challenges: A Tale of Two Deficits(2019-03) ADB; Weerakoon, Dushni; Kumar, Utsav; Dime, RoselleItem Readiness of National Statistical Systems in Asia and the Pacific for Leveraging Big Data to Monitor the SDGs(2019-03) ADB; Albert, Jose Ramon; De Dios, Criselda; Martinez, Arturo Jr.; Sebastian-Samaniego, Iva; Miradora, Katrina; Lapuz, Jan Arvin; Martillan, MarymellItem Organic Tea farming in Ilam(Department of Rural Development, 2019-03) Rai, Subh KalaTea is the most popular beverage consumed all over the world because of its refreshing effects and known benefits to human health due to its potential pharmacological properties such as anti-oxidative, anti-tumor and anti-carcinogenic activities. Tea is a high profitable crop that provides a benefit to hillside farmers in terms of financial support which helps to balances the economy. Nepal is one of the good tea producing and exporting country, Nepal has a century old history in tea farming initiated with the establishment of Ilam Tea Estate in the hills of Ilam district 1863 (1920 B.S) during the reign of Jung Bahadur Rana. Tea is taken as self-dependent cash crop in agro forestry practice. This study is based on organic tea farming in Ilam, a district in the Eastern Development Region.The objectives of the study were to identify the issues of organic tea farming, differentiate between organic tea farming and non-organic tea farming and analyze the status of tea cultivation in the study area. According to National Population Census and Household Census (2011) there are 962 household in ward no: 9 of the Suryodaya Municipality. Among them 74 households were involved inorganic tea farming and 560 households were involved in non-organic tea farming.Among them, 20 households were selected for the study of organic tea farming.Similarly, 30 households of non-organic tea farming were selected for the study.For this study convenience sampling methods was applied(non-probability sampling). Two types of data were collected; primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through field survey by applying Interview and KII methods. Interview was applied to find out the status of tea farming cultivation and to analyze the differences between organic tea and non-organic tea farming and KII was applied to analyze existing issues in organic tea farming in the study area.This study is based more on qualitative data than quantitative data and nature. Janajati were the majority group of both organic and non-organic tea farming,literacy rate was quite satisfying with around 97% in both farming system and occupation status was also more or less similar; above70% people were involving in agriculture sector. Tea cultivation practice included;preparation of land, nursery,plantation, mulching, de centering, de-budding, pruning, tipping and finally plucking round. Organic tea farming is newly growing farming system in Ilam, it has some criteria to be different from non-organic tea. Organic tea farming and non-organic tea farming is different farming practice. Such as differences in selection of site firstly, difference in manuring system, likewise difference in plucking system, quality and price rate is also different, other difference between two farming are organic tea farming has recording system, inspection system, must be a member of organic certified cooperatives and reward and punishment system but these things are not applied in non-organic.Despite the huge possibilities of tea in terms of financial support some issues were found there such as shortage of labor and organic pest,heavy tax on tea, no tea oxoncentre, small market size, shortage of labors, lack of organic pest.Item Nonperforming Loans in Asia: Determinants and Macrofinancial Linkages(2019-03) ADB; Lee, Junkyu; Rosenkranz, PeterItem Rebalancing the Economy and Reforming the Fiscal System of the People’s Republic of China(2019-03) ADB; Bahl, Roy