An Analysis of Rural Urban Migration (A Case study of Nepalgunj Municipality Banke-Nepal)

Abstract

Following conclusions have been derived from the data analysis: Active age group was more prone to migration than any other age groups. Asin the national contest, most of the migrants in the study area were also from Hindureligious group.Unlike national population scenario, most of the migrants were fromBrahmin caste/ethnic group.Most of the households had more than 6 family memberseach.Present conflict scenario of the country had not affected the study area so muchand the very few migrants were displaced from their origin due to present confictsituation of the country.Most of the migrants migrated to the study area during 2040sand 2050s and espedially after the restoration of the democracy in 2046BS.Bardiya,Kailali,Surkhet ,Dailekh, Salyan Pyuthan Dang, Jumla, Humla andAchham districts were the main suppliers of migrants to the study area. Similarly,Zone-wise, and, and region-wise the Mid-Western region were the main suppliers ofmigrants to the study area.The main push factors of the migrants' places origin werelack of physical facilities, close relatives and villagers leaving the native places,natural calamities, very hard life and present conflict.The main pull factors of thedestination like urban facilities, close relatives and friends, agriculture, nearest andcheaper location and job transfer lured the respondents to the study area. Most of therespondents did not want to leave the present place of residence in the future. theywere satisfied with that place and those who were not sosatisfied from the currentplace of residence also did not want to leave that place because they believed thatfuture place of residence also might not give the same type of satisfaction as thepresent place of residence was giving them.Cultural and religious impacts of themigration are negligible; most felt that they were not affected culturally andreligiously by the present place of migration. Most of the respondents had moderate economic condition at the place oforigin but improved' significantly after migration. So, migration had affected to themigrants positively. Most of the respondents were living in their own house aftermigration. Very few were living in rented room or in other rooms. 5 Migration has not changed the land-holding size of the respondents inaverage, but in reality those who migrated in the early years are heaving larger land-holding than in their origin, and the respondents who migrated in later years havevery small land holdings compared with their land holding in the origin. Being the residents of agricultural country, most of the respondents expected to doagricultural works at the destination before migrating.Respondents had manycomplaints or problems. Being the residents of a developing country, they weresuffering from various circumstances and especially in the present situation.Respondents expressed that the complaints are so much that they could not bementioned only in the paper of a questionnaire.Among may expectations, they wantpeace to prevail in the country. They expressed that they do not need anything exceptimprovement in the situation of the country. From that view, it can be concluded thatthey had suffered much psychologically from the present conflict situation. Thoughthey had not suffered much psychologically from the present conflict situation.Though they had not suffered directly from this conflict, they did not want to hear orread in the media about the death of Nepali brothers and sisters. The respondents’ suggestion to the concerned agencies was to improve thecondition of rural people to check migration. They also wished the security situationto improve in the rural areas so that they need not migrate to the urban areas. Theywere ready to stay at the ruralarea if the basic facilities were provided there