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Stability of microfinance institutions in Nepal
(Faculty of Management, 2026-02) Khadka, Kumar; Jhabindra Pokharel
This study examines the factors affecting the financial stability of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Nepal focusing on the institutional, operational, financial and macroeconomic factors. Financial stability is assessed by the Z-score, which combines profitability, capital adequacy, and earnings volatility. The research uses a quantitative research design with panel data of 15 licensed D-class MFIs in Nepal for ten years (Fiscal Years 2072-2081) from institutional financial statements. Multiple regression analysis shows that internal financial management practices are the main drivers of stability of MFI. Capital structure (equity to asset ratio) and operational efficiency (operating expense ratio) are the most significant predictors, with capital adequacy having a positive impact on stability and operating inefficiency having a negative impact on stability. Credit risk, as measured by the NPL ratio, is also highly negatively correlated with stability. Contrary to conventional expectations, there are negative associations between institutional age and profitability (ROA) and stability, which suggests that older and more profitable MFIs may engage in riskier behaviors or are constrained by their legacy. Institutional size and macroeconomic variables (inflation and GDP growth) do not have statistically significant impacts on stability. The study concludes that proper management of capital, cost efficiency, and solid credit risk management are essential for increasing the resilience of Nepalese MFIs. The findings challenge conventional assumptions about age and profitability as stability-enhancing and implicate the need for context-specific regulatory and managerial strategies. Recommendations are made to policymakers, regulators, MFI managers, and investors tocreate a more stable and sustainable microfinance sector in Nepal.
Factors influencing the adoption of digital banking services
(Faculty of Management, 2026-02) Amatya, Manisha; Jhabindra Pokharel
The rapid development in technologies has changed the face of the banking sector, and more people are shifting towards digital banking services. However, customers' acceptance of these services in Nepal depends on a number of circumstances. This research adopts a quantitative and descriptive approach based on TAM and behavioral theories to study those variables that affect Nepalese consumers in the acceptance of digital banking. Convenience sampling was adopted to collect primary data through an online structured questionnaire from 385 respondents. Multiple regression analysis was used along with Pearson correlation, reliability testing, and descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that perceived utility, perceived ease of use, and social influence have a positive influence on the adoption of digital banking, but social influence is the strongest predictor. Adoption is not affected by factors such as perceived risk, design, or content. The research has drawn a conclusion that digital banking's benefits, usability, and social support ultimately become a major factor in its acceptability in Nepal. Banks and government officials can use this information to promote digital banking acceptability.
Employee supportive work environment for job performance in Nepalese commercial banks
(Faculty of Management, 2026-01) Bhusal, Muna; Dinesh Basnet
The impact of psychological empowerment (PE), organizational citizenship support (OCS), and perceived organizational support (POS) on job performance (JP) at a Nepalese banking institution is examined in this research. The study is to investigate how workers' perceptions of managerial caring and a feeling of autonomy affect their productivity. Substantial and favorable correlations between the parameters were found in the connection findings employing mathematical mining. POS had the strongest link with JP (r = 0.799, p < 0.01), subsequent to OCS (r = 0.592, p < 0.01) and PE (r = 0.547, p < 0.01), suggesting that workers who exhibit civic attitudes and feel greater support from their boss usually do superior. While PE was shown to have a negligible impact in the first model (β = 0.004, p = 0.921), regression testing subsequently indicated that POS and OCS substantially impact job satisfaction (β = 0.680, p < 0.001; β = 0.207, p < 0.001, separately). Yet, job satisfaction was strongly influenced by both PE (β = 0.218, p < 0.001) and POS (β = 0.422, p < 0.001). In general, the investigation finds that while feeling empowered impacts how citizens act, a sense of organizational backing has the greatest impact on improving job efficiency across staff members of Nepalese commercial banks. In order to improve staff satisfaction and business efficiency, these findings highlight the significance of autonomy efforts and supporting organizational policies.