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Impact of monetary and non-monetary rewards on employee motivation in Nepalese Commercial Banks
(Shanker Dev Campus, 2024) Umesh Lamichhane; Joginder Goet
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FACTORS AFFECTING THE STOCK PRICE: A CASE OF DEVELOPMENT BANKS
(Shanker Dev Campus, 2024) Susmita Lama; Dr. Pitri Raj Adhikari
This research sought to examine the factors influencing the stock prices of development banks in Nepal. To meet the study's specific objective, both descriptive and causal-comparative research methods were employed. The analysis was based on panel data from Nepalese development banks over a 10-year period, from 2013/14 to 2022/23. The dependent variable was market value per share (MVPS), which reflects the market price, while the independent variables included the debt ratio (DR), earnings per share (EPS), dividend payout ratio (DPR), price-to-earnings ratio (P/E), and SIZE. In this study, secondary data were utilized. Panel data analysis using ordinary least square (OLS) regression served as the primary analytical method. The price-earnings ratio was found to have a significant positive correlation with MVPS, while size showed a significant negative relationship with MVPS. The regression results indicated that the debt ratio, EPS, and P/E ratio had a positive and significant impact on MVPS. However, the DPR and size variables were statistically insignificant in relation to MVPS. Overall, a linear relationship exists between the debt ratio (DR), earnings per share (EPS), dividend payout ratio (DPR), price-earnings ratio (P/E), and size, and their effect on market value per share (MVPS).
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IMPACT OF CREDIT RISK ON PROFITABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT BANKS IN NEPAL
(Shanker Dev Campus, 2024) Susmita Aryal; Madhusudan Gautam
Development banks are vital to economic growth, especially in emerging economies like Nepal, where they direct capital to key sectors such as infrastructure and SMEs. These banks face significant challenges in managing credit risk primarily non-performing loans (NPLs) and loan loss provisions which can impact their profitability and stability. Effective credit risk management is essential for maintaining financial performance and ensuring the sustainability of these institutions, particularly in the aftermath of global financial crises. This study aims to analyze the current state of credit risk and its impact on the profitability of development banks in Nepal. It examines the relationships between credit risk factors (Non-Performing Loan Ratio and Loan Loss Provision Ratio), control variables (Bank Size, Leverage Ratio, Capital Adequacy Ratio, GDP Growth Rate), and profitability. The objectives include assessing the current positions of these factors, their relationships with profitability, and their impact on the financial performance of the banks. The research uses secondary panel data from ten development banks in Nepal over a ten-year period (2013–2023), collected from publicly available financial statements. The study employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis to explore the associations and impacts of credit risk on profitability. The findings reveal that the Non-Performing Loan Ratio (NPLR) and Loan Loss Provision Ratio (LLPR) significantly negatively impact the profitability of development banks in Nepal. In contrast, factors such as Bank Size, Leverage Ratio, Capital Adequacy Ratio, and GDP Growth Rate exhibit varied significance levels, with some proving statistically insignificant. These results highlight the importance of robust credit risk management practices to bolster financial stability and profitability. Effective management of credit risk is crucial for enhancing the overall performance of development banks and ensuring their ability to contribute to economic development.