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International environmental security challenges and Nepal's foreign policy and diplomacy
(2025) Budhathoki, Hemanta; Khadga G.C.
This dissertation analyzes the interconnectedness between international
environmental security challenges and Nepal’s foreign policy and diplomacy. The
study has employed a qualitative research method. A deductive approach of research
has been applied to explore the solution. This study examines the realist theory,
liberalist theory, constructivist theory, and green theory to explain the international
environmental security challenges and Nepal’s foreign policy and diplomacy. The
global environmental framework and its interrelationship with regional and national
environmental institutions have been analyzed holistically based on research question
one and objective one, the identification of the global, regional, and national
environmental challenges has been performed.
The study examines whether the international, regional and national environmental
security initiatives/efforts are sufficient to address international, regional, and
national environmental challenges or not. The study concludes that hundreds of
international, regional, and national environmental security challenges to
address/manage the international, regional, and national environmental challenges
since the 1970s. But the industrialized and developed powerful states, have still been
taking the environmental security issues as their ‘bargaining tools’ for the ‘power
balance’ and power reserve. So, some of the powerful countries have not signed the
international legal instruments regarding environmental security challenges., The
least developed states like Nepal have been facing the international environmental
challenges that relate to the research question number two and objective number two.
The study analyzes whether Nepal’s foreign policy and diplomacy are effective to
address the international, regional, and national environmental security challenges.
In addition, the study concludes that there are both strong (positive) and weak
(negative) aspects of the effectiveness of Nepal’s foreign policy and diplomacy to
address the global, regional, and national security challenges.
The study also analyzed the other theories the neo-classical economic perspective,
liberal institutionalist theory, and neo-liberal institutionalist theory as well. It fails t
address the environmental security problems of the least developed countries like
Nepal. Therefore, least developed countries, like Nepal have to strengthen their
national interest in the light of artistic diplomacy for making effective foreign policy
to address the international, regional, and national environmental challenges
properly.
Keywords: International Environmental Security, Climate Change, International
Legal Instruments, Nepal’s foreign policy, diplomacy, National Interest
Communicative abilities of proficiency certificate level students in english
(2010) Devkota, Laxman; Chandreshwar Mishra
The research entitled “Communicative Abilities of Proficiency Certificate Level Students in English” attempts to examine the communicative ability of PCL students. The study focused to analyze and examine the communicative ability of those students in terms of informant and content oriented variables. In order to carry out this research, both the primary and secondary data were collected. The primary sources of data consisted of 80 students, 40 from Education and the other 40 from Humanities selected by using random sampling procedure who were the main sources of data. Than the researcher studied and analyzed them in terms of different variables descriptively and statistically. On the basis of this analysis of data, the researcher found out that the communicative proficiency of Education second year students was better than Humanities second year students. Similarly, the researcher also found that all the students were better in receptive and written productive abilities of language functions than oral production test.
The study consists of four chapters. Chapter one deals with the introduction which consists of general background, literature review, objectives of the study and significance of the study. Chapter two consists of the methodology of the study. It encompasses the sources of data, population of the study, sampling procedures, tools for data collection, process of data collection and limitation of the study. Chapter three consists of analysis and interpretation of the collected data. The data were analyzed on the basis of variables specified objectives i.e. the holistic, stream-wise, campus-wise, gender-wise and item-wise analysis of the students’ proficiency in communication in English. Chapter four incorporates findings and the recommendations. On the basis of the analyzed data, some findings have been listed, and in turn, on the basis of these findings, some recommendations have been made.
A study on buying behavior of Male winter wears in Butwal city
(2014) Adhikari, Kailash; Suman Kamal Parajuli
Not available