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Domestic violence law implementation status in nepal
(2024) Tuladhar, Eleeza; Bindu Pokharel
Domestic violence is ubiquitous reality of Nepali homes and societies. Rounded up by the
patriarchal rules and regulations, lack of agency and education, women cannot raise their
voice but have to endure injustice and violence perpetuated to them mutely.
The government of Nepal has already endorsed the Act related to domestic violence called
"Domestic Violence (Offence and Punishment) Act 2009, and providing services to the
survivors through various mechanisms, however, the trust and confidence of the survivors
of the domestic violence is still in question. The problems might be in the attitude and
behavior of the service providers, support from the service providers and communities and
capacities and confidence in the survivors themselves and other support mechanisms
established. Lack of knowledge about the law and the difficult process of government
system can also be the reason for less access to the justice mechanism. Therefore, this
research tries to explore the implementation status of law related to domestic violence by
understanding the knowledge of communities on domestic violence and its law and the
perception of the service seekers about the status of service delivery by service providers.
The study carried out devising the mixed method of the research implying the Focus Group
Discussion (FGD) and Key Informant Interview (KII) to collect qualitative data while the
use of survey questionnaire was done to collect the quantitative data required for the
survey.
The survey was conducted in Kapilbastu Municipality, ward No 2 of Kapilbastu district, a
total of 50 survey questionnaire were collected from various respondents. Besides, 2 FGD
were also conducted, one with the survivors of domestic violence and other with the
stakeholders at district. 3KIIs, one with representative of Nepal Police, one with
representative of ward office-ward no. 2- Kapilbastu Municipality and one with
representative of the shelter home being operated by and NGO named "Saathi" were
conducted.
Though various survey on various aspects of domestic violence has been conducted by
various researchers, the particular research related to implementation status of law was not
seen to my knowledge. The research also tried to triangulate with the other researches and validates the finding that the knowledge on domestic violence is increasing, but the
discrepancies seen among the knowledge of violence and law among gender and caste
groups and other socio-demographic variables, especially lower in Dalit, Muslim, people
with low education, farmers, daily wage labors, etc.
The study reveals that the implementation status of the law related to domestic violence is
not very satisfactory. The community members have less trust in the service providers. The
cultural and societal barriers cause women not to report the cases and compromise within
family or community. The situation of service providers is not also efficient. People are
less aware of different channels of reporting apart from police, and the channels of
reporting are very lengthy, tedious and inaccessible which discourage the communities to
report the cases. Though some awareness level is increasing in communities, there still
need to be put great effort in linking the communities with service delivery mechanism,
buvalidates the finding that the knowledge on domestic violence is increasing, but the
discrepancies seen among the knowledge of violence and law among gender and caste
groups and other socio-demographic variables, especially lower in Dalit, Muslim, people
with low education, farmers, daily wage labors, etc.
The study reveals that the implementation status of the law related to domestic violence is
not very satisfactory. The community members have less trust in the service providers. The
cultural and societal barriers cause women not to report the cases and compromise within
family or community. The situation of service providers is not also efficient. People are
less aware of different channels of reporting apart from police, and the channels of
reporting are very lengthy, tedious and inaccessible which discourage the communities to
report the cases. Though some awareness level is increasing in communities, there still
need to be put great effort in linking the communities with service delivery mechanism,
building their trust and comfort for the effectiveness of the implementation of the law.
ilding their trust and comfort for the effectiveness of the implementation of the law.
Effectiveness of Matchstick Figures in Teaching Vocabulary in Grade Four
(2017) Thamsuhang, Kheraj; Rabindra Subedi
This research report entitled 'Effectiveness of Matchstick Figures in
Teaching Vocabulary in Grade Four' was aimed to find out the effectiveness
of matchstick figures in teaching meaning of words. It has been carried out byobserving, interviewing, evaluating practically and comparatively. For this
purpose, Lophophorus English School situated in Mechinagar-10, Kakarvitta Jhapa, Nepal was selected by purposive sampling method and 30 students
from grade-4 were taken as sample population. Test items were the main tool
for data collection. A pre-test was administered to determine the existing
proficiency level of the students. Then, they were divided into two groups;
experimental and controlled groups on the basis of odd-even roll no.
according to their individual scores obtained in the pre-test. After dividing
them into two groups, both groups were taught 30 lessons separately, but the
words were same. 'After completion of 30 lessons, a post test was
administered using the same test item of the pre-test. Then the performance
scores of the students of both tests were compared and analyzed. The main
findings of the research is that using matchstick figures was very effective in
teaching word meaning at Grade-4 compared to usual traditional ways of
teaching. Further evaluation, interview and observation were done to prove it
best.
This thesis consists of five chapters. Each chapter is divided in
different sub-chapters. The 1
st
chapter is an introductory chapter. It includes
general background, objectives of the study, significance of the study. The 2
nd
chapter deals review of the related literature. The 3
rd
chapter deals with the
methodology. It includes the sources of data, population of the study,
sampling procedure, tools of data collection, process of data collection, and
limitation of the study. The 4
th
chapter deals with analysis, interpretation and
presentation of the data. The final or 5
th
chapter consists of findings and
recommendations.
Teachers' Perceptions on the Use of Collaborative, Controlled, Guided and free Writing Activities
(2024) Saud, jaya Singh; Guru Prasad Poudel
This is a study on Teachers’ Perceptions on the Use of Collaborative, Controlled, Guided and Free Writing Activities. This study was carried out to find out the perception of the teachers on the use of free writing, guided writing, controlled writing and cognitive/collaborative writing activities in teaching writing to the students. This study followed mixed design. The quantitative data was acquired using a set of questionnaires as a tool. The questionnaire was distributed to 40 secondary level teachers of Kavre district. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tools and the data from the semi-structured interview was analyzed and described in thematic way. The findings showed that, in cognitive and collaborative writing all the teachers preferred group/pair and individual work and the least preferred activity was asking questions and making predictions. In free writing, most preferred writing activity was students editing their own draft and activity that was least used was preparing list. Most preferred controlled writing activity was story completion and least preferred was multiple choice closed passages. In guided writing, making sentence connection was most preferred activity. Charts, tables, maps and statistical data were the most preferred instructional materials. While pictures and music were least preferred by the teachers in writing classroom. Similarly, they said that they found the challenges like time management, lack of technology use, handling large classes of students of different proficiency levels and lack of confidence and motivation of the students in English writing while teaching writing.
This study comprises altogether five chapters. The first chapter is introductory part which includes background of the study, statement of the problems, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definition of the key terms. Similarly, second chapter includes the review of theoretical and empirical literature and its implications as well as the conceptual framework. In the same way, third chapter deals with the method and procedures of the study under which design of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation procedures as well as ethical considerations are mentioned. Likewise, fourth chapter comprises analysis and interpretation of results, and summary of findings. Fifth chapter includes conclusion and recommendations. Finally, the references and appendices are included.