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Impact of financial literacy on saving and spending behavior of working people in Kathmandu metropolitan
(Faculty of Management, 2026-03) Gurung, Dhan Maya; Dhruba Subedi
This paper has discussed how financial literacy affects the saving and spending habits of working Kathmandu Metropolitan. The specific objectives have been to measure the levels of FK, FA, FB and FS and to measure their relationships with SB and SPB and to discuss their respective and interactive effects on the saving and spending decisions. The research design has assumed a descriptive and causal-comparative research design. Kathmandu Metropolitan has been dominated by working people and a final revised sample of 413 respondents has been chosen on the convenience basis. A structured questionnaire has been used to collect primary data, and secondary data have been generated upon the basis of the available relevant literature. Reliability testing, demographic analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis have been applied in analyzing the data. Dependent variables have been taken as SB and SPB, whereas the independent variables have been taken as FK, FA, FB, and FS. High internal consistency has been found in the reliability results of all constructs. The demographic findings have reflected that there are more male respondents with 25-45 age brackets and bachelors or masters. The descriptive statistics have demonstrated moderate high scores of all financial literacy measures and generally disciplined saving and spending habits. Correlation analysis has revealed that FK, FA, FB, and FS are significantly positively correlated with SB, as well as that FA, FB and FS are significantly positively correlated with SPB. Regression findings have affirmed that four variables have significant predictive values of SB but FA, FB and FS are significant predictors of SPB with FB and FS being the strongest predictors. The research has found that the financial literacy plays an important role in the formation of the level of saving and expenditure and has suggested the necessity of the specific financial education and skills-based interventions.
Impact of marketing on stock market performance: a perception of investor
(Faculty of Management, 2026-02) Limbu, Karuna; Binita Manandhar
This work has evaluated how marketing practice can affect the stock market performance in terms of how investors perceive it. The objectives in particular have been to determine the present position of SMMA, APA, CSRI and RDC and to evaluate their correlation with SMP and to determine the impact of the same on SMP. The research has taken a descriptive and causal-comparative research design. The sample has included stock market active investors and a final revised sample of 457 respondents has been surveyed through purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires have been used to collect primary data and data analysis has been done using reliability tests, demographic analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The dependent variable has been SMP with the independent variables being SMMA, APA, CSRI and RDC. The results of reliability have shown that all constructs have acceptable internal consistency. Demographic results have revealed that majority of the respondents have the age of 25 to 40 years with the majority of them being men, having education to +2 or bachelors level with 3-6 years’ investment experience and moderate awareness. The descriptive statistics have shown moderate to high ratings on the perceptions with RDC, APA, and SMMA rated strong and CSRI rated moderately and with low variability. Correlation analysis has shown that all the IVs significantly and positively correlated with SMP with the strongest relationships existing between CSRI and APA. The regression analysis has been used to establish the strong positive impacts of CSRI and APA, moderate effect of SMMA and moderate but significant effect of RDC on SMP. The paper has found that the investor confidence and the market performance have improved as a result of the strategic marketing practices, with significant policy and managerial implications.
Credit accessibility and small and medium enterprises performance in Kathmandu
(Faculty of Management, 2026-03) Sitaula, Karuna; Yagya Prasad Bhattarai
This study examines the accessibility of credit and its impact on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises (small and medium enterprises) in the Kathmandu. The research aims to assess business owners' perceptions regarding several key factors: loan pricing, loan repayment schedules, record-keeping practices, availability of financial institutions, and collateral security. Additionally, the study explores the relationships between these factors and their effects on small and medium enterprises' financial performance. A descriptive research design was employed, with data gathered from 385 small and medium enterprises using structured questionnaires that utilized a five-point Likert scale. The study found that correlation and regression analyses indicate that favorable perceptions of loan pricing, flexible repayment schedules, effective record-keeping, and better access to financial institutions are positively associated with improved financial performance among small and medium enterprises. Conversely, stringent collateral requirements have a negative impact on financial outcomes, highlighting a critical area needing reform. The study suggests that reducing collateral demands and enhancing the accessibility and flexibility of financial services could significantly benefit small and medium enterprises financial health. These findings underscore the need for financial institutions and policymakers to address the challenges associated with collateral security and improve overall credit accessibility. By reforming collateral requirements and expanding financial service availability, a more supportive environment for small and medium enterprises growth and financial stability can be fostered. This research provides valuable insights for enhancing credit policies and practices to better support small and medium enterprises in the Kathmandu.