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Sibling Quest for Family Reunification in Khaled Hosseini’s And the Mountains Echoed
(2015) Aryal, Arjun; Jiblal Sapkota
The present research centres on the sibling quest in Hosseini’sAnd the Mountains Echoed by utilization of different narrative storytelling and presenting familial relationship, sacrifice, hope of reunion. The main character Pari is sold to Kabul. The separation of the two siblings, Abdullah and Pari, is the heart of the book. Both subsequently become "victims of the passage of time": Abdullah, who is older and remembers Pari, agonizes over her loss for most of his life, while Pari is younger and able to forget her brother after losing him. However, by the end of the book, Pari remembers Abdullah and locates him in the United States only to discover that he is suffering from Alzheimer's disease and has forgotten her. Especially, Pari and Abdhulla who are bound to separate from each other because of their different circumstances and conditons, but they are united at the ending of the novel. They spend many years without seeing. Tht is to say they suffer from the sense of ownness. A kinds of the sense of dislocateedness tortures them. The novelist has really shown the love of brothers and sisters. The other chracters like Markus and Thalia who are lso brother and sister are compelled to be isolated from each other. They are also united at the end of the novel which can be taken as instance of unification of familiar relation. At the end, Pari and Abdulla, and Marky and Thalia mneet their dear ones because of their strong toil and dedication for quest for ownness. Here we can claim that they can not leave their own native culture although they are settled in western soceity. If they had lacked such desire for own rootness, they would not have reunited with each others. Khaled Hosseini the Afghan-American writer beautifully delves into the subtleties of human relationships. In his novels, Hosseini has expressed his concern about the wretched conditions of the people in general and women in particular who have been doubly marginalized –one by the society and the other within the four walls of their homes. Drawing upon the notion of E.D. Hirsch's notion of "The Aims of Interpretation" (1976), this reserch proves the hypothesis.
Gender Stigma in Jean Rhys’ Wide Sargasso Sea
(2015) Upreti, Punya Prasad; Shankar Subedi
This research analyzes the issue of stigma in the novel Wide Sargasso Sea. Antoinette goes mad due to ill treatment into the hands of patriarchal society. She suffers from discrimination and exploitation by her husband and her condition further deteriorates. She is stigmatized as a mentally derailed woman. This stigmatization shows the plight and suffering of high class Victorian wives and mother, the limited social space and negligence of the male towards her makes her feel imprisoned.
Antoinette’s heart and spirit is broken and she shows signs of an emotionally weak, confused and unbalanced woman. Rochester is cruel and call her Bertha, her mad mother’s name. In England she is physically and mentally imprisoned and when the torture crosses normal limits she sets fire on the house and kills herself. Her death is a result of stigmatization because of which she had to suffer a lot.
Socio economic status of Limbu community ; A case study of Phidim municipality of Panchthar district
(2017) Bajgain, Surendra Prasad; Bed Nath Giri
The study "socio-economic status of the Limbu community" has been conducted at Phidim Municipality of Panchthar district with a general objective generalize the socioeconomic status of the Limbus of the study area. The objectives of the study were to track out the present situation of the Limbus of the study area, to examine the traditional skills of Limbu community and to explore the impact of other cultures on their culture. Primary and secondary data were used to collect the information and tools like observations, formal and non formal discussion, interviews were held to collect other necessary information. Descriptive and analytic research designs have been followed to describe and examine the finding of the study. Out of total 150 households of Phidim Municipality-4, Gadhi. Thirty household respondents of the Limbus were taken as sample by using random sampling method. Social structure of Nepal is very complex, which has been highlighted by various foreign and Nepalese scholars in their writings. Unity in diversity is the major characteristics of Nepalese national culture. Among the different ethnic groups, Limbu is one of the indigenous ethnic groups having their unique culture, traditions and rituals.
The study clears that the Limbus are one of the small ethnic/indigenous group of the study area following their own sorts of language, culture and tradition. Their housing pattern is quite different from other ethnic groups. They are culturally rich, simple, gentle but economically poor. They basically depend upon the wage and agriculture/labour for their livelihood. Their life cycle ceremonies are very interesting and can attract national as well as foreign scholars and researchers. Literacy rate among them is not encouraging. Modernization has changed their traditional, social organizations, such as marriage, family kinship, religious, dance, songs and dress etc.
The government sector showed also role to preserve and develop the Limbu status providing beneficial opportunity by government, creating employment opportunities and introducing formal and non formal education by government and other concerned organizations to enhance their education as well.