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Deflection of Standardization in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice
(2024) Tamang, Kungsang Thing; DhrubaKarki
This thesis presents Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice from the perspective of deflection of standardizationin the conceptual frame of the Marxist class. Considering the social and economic status of eighteenth-century Europe which had set the notion of categorization among the people and the division of the society in terms of economic standards and social class, this thesis interrogates a sense of dichotomy prevalent in eighteen century Europe and deflects the perpetual assumption of a distinguished class system. Significantly marking the economy as the guiding mechanism to regulate society, this thesis points out Austen’s presumptions in understanding the variation of society not in terms of monetary value but in terms of morality. Initially this novel presents the character traits of the people representing the aristocrats and middle-class people and their consciousness, with the development of the plot. The novel extends the idea in opposition to the conventional societal conceptions. Moreover, Austen, picturizing the union of characters from distinct classes and economic standards, prioritizes the destabilization of the standardized concept of class consciousness. This thesis, therefore, analyzing Austen’s craftsmanship that presents how it has deflected the standardization and assisted in the formation of a harmonious and nonhierarchical society. Keywords: Standardization, class consciousness, subversion, aristocrats
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Psychological factors influencing investment decision of young investor behavior
(2025) Regmi, Rabindra; Joginder Gote
This study investigates the effect of behavioral biases on the investment decisions of individual investors in NEPSE. The main objective is to examine the relationship between behavioral bias factors specifically overconfidence bias, anchoring bias, disposition effect bias, and herding bias and investment decision-making in the Nepalese share market. A descriptive and causal comparative research design was employed. The study population consisted of 249 NEPSE-listed companies, and data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 400 investors. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression techniques. The regression results revealed that overconfidence bias has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions. Similarly, anchoring bias, disposition effect, and herding bias also positively and significantly influence investment decisions. The study offers valuable implications for various stakeholders: individual investors can gain a better understanding of their own behavioral tendencies; policymakers can identify biases to inform earlier policy interventions and promote sustainable investment management practices; and financial advisors can enhance their expertise to better guide clients. Policymakers can design regulations aimed at mitigating these biases among investors. Brokers can use these insights to recognize behavioral biases affecting their clients and provide sound advice to prevent poor investment choices. Additionally, this study empowers investors to independently evaluate their behavior, identify profitable stocks, and make more informed purchasing decisions. Key words: Overconfidence, Anchoring, Disposition Effect, Herding, Investment Decision
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Operational risk management in financial services in nepal
(2024) Bhandari, Pratibha; Keshar Singh Khatti
The study employs a quantitative research approach using descriptive and causal comparative designs. Data were collected from 400 employees of commercial banks in Nepal through a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, applying descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression techniques. The theoretical foundation of the study is built upon the Basel Framework, Risk Management Theory, and the Three Lines of Defense model. Findings reveal a strong and positive relationship between ORM practices and institutional performance, with operational risk monitoring and controls having the greatest influence. Other dimensions—risk assessment, identification, and training also contribute significantly. Despite these advancements, gaps remain in proactive risk analysis, training consistency, and integration of ORM into strategic planning. The results suggest that Nepalese banks can enhance performance by adopting more structured, data driven, and forward-looking ORM systems. This study contributes valuable insights into the strategic role of ORM in the financial sector and highlights the need for continuous improvement in risk governance. It concludes that effective operational risk management is vital not only for compliance but also for achieving sustainable growth and customer confidence in Nepal’s evolving banking environment. The study employs a quantitative research approach using descriptive and causal-comparative designs. Data were collected from 400 employees of commercial banks in Nepal through a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, applying descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression techniques. The theoretical foundation of the study is built upon the Basel Framework, Risk Management Theory, and the Three Lines of Defense model. Keywords: Operational Risk Identification, Operational Training and Reporting, Operational Risk Assessment and Analysis, Financial Services.