EFFICACY OF HAND SANITIZERS AGAINST STANDARD BACTERIAL CULTURES

Abstract

ह्याण्ड स्यानिटाइजरहरु हातको स्वच्छता कायम राख्न प्रयोग गरिन्छ । कोरोना महामारीले यसको प्रयोग बारे ध्यान खिचेको थियो । धेरै कम्पनीहरुले उत्पादन गरिरहेका छन् तर प्रभावकारीता राम्रोसँग स्थापित हुन सकेको छैन । यस अध्ययनको मुख्य उद्देश्य काठमाण्डौमा बिक्री हुने ह्याण्ड स्यानिटाइजरहरुको व्याक्टेरियालाई मार्ने क्षमताको प्रभावकारीता मूल्याङ्कन गर्नु थियो । यस अध्ययन मार्च देखि अप्रिल २०२२ सम्म गरिएको थियो । यस अध्ययनमा काठमाण्डौका बजारबाट ३१ वटा अल्कोहल आधारित ह्याण्ड स्यानिटाइजर किनिएको थियो । Hand sanitizers are used to maintain hand hygiene. Corona pandemic had gain the attention; many companies are producing it and are marketed but their efficacy have not been well established. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of the hand sanitizers sold in Kathmandu. This study was carried out from March to April, 2022. In this study, 31 alcohol based hand sanitizers were purchased from the markets of Kathmandu. Among them, 15 liquid based hand sanitizers (9 contain alcohol and 6 contain alcohol with additional ayurvedic ingredients) and among 16 gel based hand sanitizers, (10 contain alcohol and 6 contain alcohol and additional ayurvedic ingredients). Efficacy of hand sanitizers were evaluated using standard ATCC cultures: Escherichia coli 35218, Escherichia coli 25922, Staphyloccoccus aureus 43300 and Klebsiella pneumoniae 700603 by agar well diffusion method. In the volume of 50 μl hand sanitizers, (46.67%, 60%, 26.67% and 33.33%) liquid based, (20%, 40%, 33.33% and 26.67%) liquid with ayurvedic ingredients based, (12.5%, 18.75%, 18.75% and 12.5%) gel based and (12.5%, 12.5%, 12.5% and 6.25%) gel with ayurvedic ingredients based hand sanitizers showed the antibacterial effect against E. coli 35218, E. coli 25922, S. aureus 43300 and K. pneumoniae 700603 respectively. In the volume of 100 µl hand sanitizers, (53.33%, 60%, 46.67% and 46.67%) liquid based, (40%, 40%, 40% and 40%) liquid with ayurvedic ingredients based, (50%, 62.5%, 62.5% and 62.5%) gel based and (25%, 31.25%, 25% and 25%) gel with ayurvedic ingredients based hand sanitizers showed the antibacterial effect against E. coli 35218, E. coli 25922, S. aureus 43300 and K. pneumoniae 700603 respectively. In the volume of 150 µl hand sanitizers, (60%, 60%, 60% and 60%) liquid based, (40%, 40%, 40% and 40%) liquid with ayurvedic ingredients based, (62.5%, 62.5%, 62.5% and 62.5%) gel based and (31.25%, 31.25%, 31.25% and 31.25%) gel with ayurvedic ingredients based hand sanitizers showed the antibacterial effect against E. coli 35218, E. coli 25922, S. aureus 43300 and K. pneumoniae 700603 respectively. Comparatively, liquid with ayurvedic ingredients based sanitizers were more effective than gel with ayurvedic ingredients based sanitizers.