Intestinal parasitosis among human immunodeficency virus and tuberculosis infected patients of Dharan, Nepal

Abstract

Intestinal parasites are those which must have an intestinal life- cycle stage and usually attach in small and large intestine and produces traumatic damage in the intestinal villi. Parasitic infections caused by protozoa and helminths are the most common infections worldwide. The prevalence of parasitic infections varies with the level of sanitation and is highly prevalent among the general population in Nepal<. The presence study was done to find out the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) patients of Dharan total of 53 sample (<15 years) from HIV seropositive and 28 samples (<20years) from TB patients were collected in a clean, dry and capped fitted container and subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination for ova, cyst, adult parasites and or segments of parasites. Samples were fixed in 10% formalin-ether solution. Sedimentation technique along with modified acid fast (Zeihl-Neelsen) staining method was performed for opportunistic intestinal parasites in both patients. Multiparasitic infection was noted in the study. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was found to be 54(66.67%) among 81 patients (53 HIV patients and 28 TB patients). The parasitosis in male was higher 25(30.86%) than female 15(81.51%). The study preval 18.51% (G. lambia), 14.81% (E. histolytica), 14.81% (Cryptosporidium pavum), 7.40% (Isosporo beli), 4.93% (Microsporodium), 2.46% (Hookworm), 2.46% (Taenia spp.), 1.23% (Blastocystctis homini). In order to prevent this infection appropriate health education should be given to the patients concerning disease transmission, antiparasitic therapy, personal hygiene and safe drinking water.

Keywords: Parasitosis, HIV, TB, formal saline, formalin-ether, ZeihlNeelsen,