Systematic review of subfamily Phylinae (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Korean Peninsula with molecular phylogeny of Miridae

Abstract

The study conducted two themes: (1) The systematic review of subfamily Phylinae (Heteroptera: Miridae) in Korean Peninsula, with brief zoogeographic discussion in East Asia, and (2) Molecular phylogeny of Miridae: (i) Higher group relationships within family Miridae, and (ii) Phylogeny of subfamily Phylinae. In systematic review a total of eighty four species in twenty eight genera of Phylines are recognized from the Korean Peninsula. During this study, twenty new reports including six new species were investigated; and purposed a synonym and revised recombination. Keys to genera and species, diagnosis, descriptions including male and female genitalia, illustrations and short biological notes are provided for each of the species. Molecular based higher group relationships, and detail phylogenetic relationships of subfamily Phylinae were conducted. The higher group relationships were analyzed using 159 taxa, including seven subfamilies and six outgroups. The results of analysis indicated that subfamilies Cylapinae, Deraeocorinae, Isometopinae, Mirinae and Phylinae are monophyly, whereas Bryocorinae and Orthotylinae are paraphyletic. Dicyphini (of Bryocorinae) occurs as ii a sister group to all remaining mirid taxa. Further, the phylogenetic analyses of subfamily Phylinae based on 68 taxa including 57 ingroup and 11 outgroup taxa (which include taxa of other subfamilies in Miridae except Psallopinae) were conducted. The results of analyses assure that, tribes Auricillocorini and Hallodapini are monophyletic, tribe Phylini is non-monophyletic but its member do not fall into other tribes, Teleorhinus (of Pronotocrepini) lies within Phylini, and Lasiolabops is separated from Phylini. Similary, present analyses argue with the monophyly of Leucophoropterini and Pilophorini.