Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella from Blood of Suspected Enteric Fever Patients Attending Patan Hospital

Abstract

In the present study blood samples were collected from 25,470 suspected of enteric fever patients who visited Patan Hospital during January 2007 to December 2008. The blood samples were cultured to isolate Salmonella using selective enrichment technique. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and their antibiotic sensitivity test was studied using modified Kirby-Bauer method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. In all the 25,470 blood samples, 3,131(12.29%) patients were culture positive and among the culture positive 1,640 (52.38%) were Salmonella isolates. In all the Salmonella isolates, 1135 (69.20%) were Salmonella Typhi, 503 (30.67%) Salmonella paratyphi A, 1 (0.06%) Salmonella Paratyphi B and 1 (0.06%) Salmonella Paratyphi C. Salmonella Typhi were most prevalent causative organism of enteric fever. High prevalence of Salmonella was found during summer season. Salmonella Typhi (N=1,135) were found to be sensitive to Cephotaxime 1,128 (99.38%), Gentamicin 1,121 (98.77%), Chloramphenicol 1,120 (98.68%), Ofloxacin 1,117 (98.41%), Amoxycillin 1,113 (98.06%), Cotrimoxazole 1,107 (97.53%), Ciprofloxacin 1,063(93.66%) and Nalidixic acid 359 (31.63%). In all the Salmonella Paratyphi A (N=503) was found sensitive to Gentamicin 501 (99.60%), Cephotaxime 499 (99.20%), Amoxycillin 497 (98.81%) and Cotrimoxazole 496 (98.61%) and resistant to Nalidixic acid 477 (94.83%) and Ciprofloxacin 38 (7.55%). Salmonella Paratyphi B was sensitive to Amoxycillin, Ciprofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole, Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin Cephotaxime, Nalidixic acid and Ofloxacin. Salmonella Paratyphi C was resistant to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol and Cotrimoxazole and sensitive to Amoxycillin, Nalidixic acid, Cephotaxime and Ofloxacin. In all the Nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella isolates (N=1,251), 55(4.39%) isolates were resistant to Ciprofloxacin.