Optimization of Xanthation And It’s Application For Al(III) And Fe(III) Removal Onto Apple Waste

Abstract

Novel xanthated apple waste derivative were prepared by chemical modification of apple waste using carbon disulphide (CS2) under different alkaline condition i.e. 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% NaOH concentration. The optimization of NaOH concentration in the xanthation process was evaluated by the adsorption of Fe3+ ions and subsequently by the evaluation of the total exchangeable protons by titration method. The total exchangeable protons were found to be 3, 4, 6 and 6 mole/kg for four types of xanthated apple waste (XAW), xanthated at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% NaOH concentration, respectively. Similarly, the maximum absorption capacity (qmax) value for the adsorption of Fe(III) were found to be 73.5, 105.26, 196.07 and 196.07 mg/g on four types of XAW xanthated at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% NaOH concentration, respectively. The experimental results showed that the optimal condition of NaOH concentration for the xanthation of apple waste was 15%. The qmax value for the adsorption of Al(III) onto the optimized XAW at optimum pH 4 was found to be 181.81 mg/gm. Kinetics and isotherm studies revealed that for both metals Langmuir isotherm fitted well and adsorption mainly followed pseudo-second order kinetics.