Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Berberis Asiatica from Arghakhanchi District Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Berberis Asiatica from Arghakhanchi District

Abstract

The aims of the present study were to prepare methanolic extract of Berberis asiatica and subjected for their phytochemical screening and biological activities. Phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Berberis asiatica showed the presence of different chemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, reducing sugars, steroids, glycosides but tannin and volatile oils were absent. The total phenolic content of methanolic extract of Berberis asiatica was found to be 37.686 ± 2.728 mg GAE/g and the total flavonoid content of was found to be 115.568 ± 8.012 mg QE/g. The radical scavenging activity of the extract was evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical method. The IC50 value of methanolic extract of Berberis asiatica was found to be 205.7 ± 5.353 μg/mL. The smaller the IC50 value, the greater is the antioxidant property. The antibacterial activity methanolic extract of Berberis asiatica was studied against S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and S. typhi using agar well diffusion method. The result showed that the plant extract exhibit maximum activity against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae having ZOI value 14 mm and 19 mm respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. aureus was found to be 0.39 mg/mL and for K. pneumoniae was 3.125 mg/mL. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for S. aureus and for K. pneumoniae was found to be 6.25 mg/mL. Qualitatively, GC of hexane extract of Berberis asiatica showed 35 compounds. This can be categorized into ketones, alkanes, cycloalkanes, other are identified as aromatic compounds. The plant under study was potential medicinal plant due to variation and availability of phytochemicals. Keywords: Berberis asiatica, Phytochemicals, DPPH, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, MIC, MBC