Foreign Employment and its Impact on Origin Place A Case Study of Ilam Municipality -5 Barbote Ilam District, Nepal

Abstract

Labour migration is seen in direction and destination with increasing volume of Ilam Municipality -5 Baebote area. Saudi Arab and Qatar have the highest proportion of International labour migration than other countries. Mainly the local brokers have organized the International labour employment and most of them have found cheated during the course of migration. The general objective of the study is to explore the impact of labor migration at the rural area (place of origin) where as the specific objectives of the study are to examine, extent and process on International labour migration, to identify the factors affecting International labour migration, to assess the socio-economic impacts of migration on rural area. This study has been carried out mostly on the basis of exploratory research design; also descriptive method of research design is used in order to describe the findings during the study. Qualitative and quantitative data have been collected for the study using both primary and secondary sources. Of the total 120 household's 139 migrant's workers has been selected by purposive sampling process. To collect data, household survey, key informant interview, observation method have been used and different computer program, simple statistics tools like table have been used for data analysis. Descriptive methods has been used for qualitative data. The migrant's workers have managed the amount difficulty from different source like, mortgaging of land, taking loan with interest and borrowing with relative. Most of the migrant workers are unskilled. Due to the lack of higher education and proper training, they face problem in language skilled are compelled to work as unskilled manual workers, therefore they have been working abroad in lower wage and salary due to less skills. Bank and friends are the major source to transfer the remittance to their households. To buy and build the house has been the first priorities of using remittance. Therefore, the labour migration has resulted in changing the living standard, custom and other activities of the households in the study area. The number of employer involved in general worker is high. Which include 118 persons and its share of percentage in 84.89 that was followed by security guard 7.91 percent, 5.03 employers involved in sales person. Only 2.15 percentages does office boy. Level of income for emigrant household has increased but expenditure also increased respectively. Standard of living and quality of foods are raised of their family. Unemployment, lack of agriculture land, unproductively and poverties are important factor for emigration associated with origin. Likewise, high wage rate, easy availability of unskilled works and no need for higher education other importance factor associated destination. Some positive and negative impact also seems in International employment.