Browsing by Author "Thapa, Amrita"

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    Challenges Faced by Magar Learners in Learning English
    (Department of English Education, 2021) Thapa, Amrita
    This study entitled Challenges Faced by Magar Students in Learning English intended to identify the challenges faced by Magar students in learning English and to suggest some pedagogical implications. A mixed method research design was used in this study. Forty secondary level 'Magar students of Harinas Rural Municipality' were selected as a sample using purposive non-random sampling strategy. In this study, questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used as research tools. The data collected through questionnaire were analyzed descriptively and thematically. From the analysis of data and interpretations of the results, it was found that the main challenges they faced were complex rules of grammar,comprehension, vocabulary, pronunciation and spelling while learning English language. Similarly, mother tongue interference was found in pronunciation of English sound /ᵗ/, /ᶿ/, and /ᵈ/. The study consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals withbackgroundofthe study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions,significance of the study, delimitations of the study and the operational definitions of the key terms. The second chapter deals with the review of the theoretical and empirical literature, implications of the review for the study and conceptual framework of the study. Likewise, the third chapter deals with the methodology adopted for the study which includes design of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures and data analysis and interpretation procedure of the collected data descriptively and using sample statistical tool i.e. percentage. Similarly, the fifth chapter presents the findings based on the analysis and interpretation of the data, including conclusion derived from the findings and recommendations in policy related, practice related and further research related level. This chapter is also followed by references and appendices.
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    Existing Knowledge Assessment on Family Planning Methods of Road Sweeper's
    (Faculty of Health Education, 2017) Thapa, Amrita
    This study entitled "Existing Knowledge Assesment on Family Planning Methods of Road Sweeper's in Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City" was carried out to examine the knowledge of road sweepers of childbearing age. A descriptive research design has been applied to the data where 60 currently married road sweepers aged 15to 49 years were purposively sampled and interviewed mainly through structured questionnaire from different wards of the city. Almost all the respondents (88%) were illiterate from the lower caste group like Dum/Mote etc. that indicates their traditional occupational role as not involving in other income generating activities. The demographic characteristic of the respondents regarding family planning was not encouraging. Majority of the respondents had adopted early marriage. (Median age at marriage: 16.05 years; premature pregnancy, and median age at first birth 18.2 years). 94% had knowledge about any one modern family planning methods, but few of them (6%) were familiar about traditional mode of family planning methods. More than two-thirds respondents were found conducting inter-spousal discussion about RH (reproductive health) matters especially about family planning but few of their husbands had negative attitude about the use of contraceptives as they thought contraception was not their responsibility. The contraceptive prevalence rate of the respondents was found very high (74%), but comparatively male participation was about three times lesser (19%) than that of their female counterparts (55%) and among them, temporary device (condom) users were negligible (3%). Respondents who practiced contraceptives were found having low fertility and child loss experiences with small-sized family in contrast to that of who never used contraceptives, who had all the three aspects high. It showed negative relationship between contraceptive use, fertility and child loss experiences. Role of electronic media like television and radio for communicating family planning messages was found vital and almost all the respondents were found having easy access to the sources of contraception. (80% respondents were at the periphery of ≤ 30 minutes from the sources of contraception) mostly benefitted as being city dwellers. Although the government sector remains the major source of contraception, non-government sector is another remarkable source. Nearly Ten respondents have faced any form of side effect while using contraceptives and the major reason for discontinuity of the present methods as well as never use of contraceptives was the matter of side effects. By the end of this study, it is concluded that the currently married road sweepers (who adopted early marriage and premature pregnancy) in Dharan Sub-metropolitan city were found to be highly knowledge family planning methods and had high contraceptive prevalence rate despite their low literacy rate, self-dependency of the respondents of the respondents, in terms of the income, high accessibility to the family planning services and adequate exposure to the family planning messages through electronic media were found supporting factors for the high use of family planning methods to the respondents. It is requested to conduct similar type of studies in other urban areas with larger sample size and different methodology.