Browsing by Subject "Alternative energy"
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Item Alternative energy in health and education (A case study of biogas plant of Mirgauliya, Morang Nepal)(Department of Sociology, 2019) Panta, PratimaNot availableItem Economic Impacts of Biogas Plants A Case Study of Budhabare Vdc in Jhapa District, Nepal(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2017-04) Guragain, Srishtihis thesis entitled “ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF BIOGAS PLANTS ” (Case Study of Budhabare VDC in Jhapa District, Nepal) focuses on status of Biogas plants and its impacts on economic aspects . The general objective of the study is to examine and analyze the role biogas plants for changing economic status of local people. It has the following specific objective; to examine the economic benefits of biogas by calculating average income saving due to non-burning of fuel wood and kerosene as well as suggest relevant way outs for the betterment of biogas plants. The present study was carried out in Budhabare VDC of Jhapa district, which is located in the Eastern development region in Mechi Zone. The economic status of this village is average. Agriculture is the main occupation of this VDC. Since nobody did any kind of research in this VDC. There were 5270 household on V.D.C. among them 40 households were selected by using random sampling method; the study is used in descriptive research design. This study focuses on economic study and using descriptive research design method has fulfilled the objectives of the study. The study has been based on both secondary and primary data and information. Secondary data were used to present the background of the study and supplement and complement the findings of the study. Secondary data were collected from various sources such as books, journals, previous thesis on the subject and government publications. The household survey has been conducted in order to collect qualitative and quantitative facts about economic status of people living in the study, financial situation and the role of biogas in upliftment of economic condition. Certain information has been collected by focus discussion, key interview and observation method. Researcher has observed biogas usage along with firewood and kerosene usage, house pattern etc to guess the situation of economic status. Collected data and information were presented and analysis by using simple mathematical and statistical tools such as table graph, pie chart, percentage etc.Item Improved Cooking Stove and its Impact on Women ( A Case Study of Thanapati VDC Ward No. 3, Nuwakot District )(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2011-07) Thapaliya, KarunaIn nearly all developing countries biomass represents about 80% of the energy balance used for cooking purposes. This biomass is used in very inefficient stove and wasting alot of energy. This fact contributes to the continuing process of deforestation in developing countries. The sustainability is only achievable ifa fair profit for all actors of the production and disteribution chain is guaranteed. The present study site is situated in in Thanapati VDC, one out of the sixty one of the Nuwakot District in hill of central development region. It is situated in the North east side from the district headquarter. The study tries to show the impact of improved cooking stoves on women. It also focuses on the socio-economic, environmental and health impact on women and others as well. Use of traditional stoves such as “agenu” and “chulo” consumes more fuel woods and increases the burden on women. Women are mainly responsible for cooking and collection of bio-mass, mainly fuel wood from the forest. Use of biomass energy and low grade biomass fuels lead to excessive level of indoor smoke/air pollution. Women and children in particular are exposed to the smoke emission. This is one of the reasons for higher rate of infant mortality and morbidity and other unhealthy living conditions. Release of incomplete carbon gas and other harmful particles in the atmosphere due the poor combustion of biomass fuel in rudimentary stoves results the emission of green house gas. More then 80% of the energy needs are met by fuel wood thus exerting immense pressure on the forest resources of the country with negative impacts on environment. During the study both primary and secondary data have been used. Household survey, observation, interview , focus group discussion method were carried out to get primary data and both published and unpublished sources were used as a source of secondary data. Out of total households of 200, in ward 3, 20% of them have atken as sample of the study. The study shows that, 45% of the chhetri population have installed the ICS followed by Brahmins with 35%. The primary occupation of the study site is agriculture where 30.07% are engaged on it. 75% of the respondent said that the system is very usefull for the households. Because of growing population in developing countries and the inefficient use of biomass, the pressure on the forest resources become more and more crucial. More and more trees disappear for the landscape and are not replaced . Senegal loses for example every year some 45000 hectares of forest areas. Other fuels such as gas, petroleum or electricity are too expensive for the biggest part of households in while they are cooking . Dr. Marlis Kees from GTZ underline that improve stoves “ studies have showed that respiratory diseases by women and children can be reduced 50%”. This fact shows that th reductiom of smoke is as imporant as the reduction of biomass consumption. A stove with the same biomass consumption as a traditional one but with far less smoke can be considered to be an improved stove. In Nepal, women are mainly responsible for cooking activities and collecting firewood. With the decrease in the availabitlity of fuel wood, drudgery of women is increasing and they have to spend more time collecting fuel wood. Study have shown that ICS has efficiency of 15-25% and fuel wood saving is 30-35%. Thus, contributing in the drudgery reduction of women reducting their cooking time and hardship in collection of scarce fuel wood. Women are generally accompanied by their children in the kitchen and are expose to indoor air pollution. The indoor air pollution due to the combustion of biomass fuel is main cause of Acut Respiratory Infection(ARI), Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases (COLD), Eye Infection and Pheumonia in women and children. Studies have shown that the use of ICS human exposure to pollutants in the kitchen environment has been reduced by an average of 69% carbon monoxide concentration. In a simpler term most of the women using ICS have respondended that they had Asthma and Eye Burning due to traditional stoves but the situation has improved after the installation of ICS and they have no complain of burning eyes and breathing problem.Item Socio-Economic Contribution of Lower Modi-1 Hydropower Project in Chuwa Vdc of Parbat District(Central Department of Economics Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2017-04) Ghimire, KamalNot AvailableItem Socio-Economic Impact of Biogas Plant (A Case Study of Lele VDC, Lalitpur District, Nepal(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2011-12) Adhikari, Nabin KishorNot AvailableItem Socio-Economic Impact of Solar Home System: A Case Study of Gwagha VDC, of Gulmi District(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2010-04) Khatri, LaxmiEnergy is essential for meeting basic human needs. The improvement in quality of poor rural life is one of the most cherished goals of all developing countries. This goal can not be achieved in absence of adequate energy and proper utilization of natural resources that a country possesses. Most of the households in our country from rural area where poverty is deep rooted the main reasons behind the poverty are lack of energy and miss utilization of local resources. Because of lack of knowledge and poor economic condition, peoples living in rural area are compelled to use the traditional type of energy sources that has made the pressure on forest resource. With a per capita energy consumption of about 15 GJ, Nepal is one of the five least energy consuming countries in the world. Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy in the hilly areas of Nepal. Because Nepal lies in the sunny regions of the world most part of Nepal receive 6.8 Kwh (kilowatt-hour) of solar radiation per square meter per day with 250-300 sunny days a year. Solar energy, experienced by us as heat and light, can be used through two routes: the thermal route uses the required for many purposes in the domestic, agricultural, industrial and commercial sector of the economy such as: heat for water heating, cooking, drying, water purification and other application; the photovoltaic route converts the light in solar energy into electricity using a device made of silicon or other materials, which can then be used for a number of purposes such as lighting, pumping, communication and power supply in un-electrified areas. Energy from the sun has many features, which make it an attractive and sustainable option: global distribution, pollution free nature, and the virtually inexhaustible supply (AET, 2007). This study has analysed socio-economic impact of solar home system of Gwagha VDC of Gulmi district. For this research the objectives are to identify the various uses of SHS in the VDC, to explore the socio-economic status of SHS user community of rural area, to provide a basis of theoretical as well as practical concept and knowledge for further study and research on rural energy SHS. The research is based on primary and secondary data. For collecting the primary data household survey was conducted. The study has found many benefits of SHS, as it not only provide energy for lighting but also helps in improving health, time saving, easy to work at night and comfortable to children’s study. In the study area, economically active population is 56.65percent. the education status is higher than national i.e. 89.24% where higher education level is 5.18% is very low. It is also found that the average household size is 7.30. The main income source of the study area is pension which is 52.77%. Most of the SHS users are reported to have sufficient panel’s capacity. It is also found that 11.11 percent HHs are involving in income V generating work (PCOs) by using SHS. Consumption of kerosene and dry cell batteries has been reduced. Study analyzed that; poor people cannot afford it easily. Majority of people are benefited from the SHS are higher class ethnic groups than lower class ethnic groups. In the VDC there is lack of linkage between income generating activities and SHS electrification and also training and skill development programme. During the field visit it was found that the SHS is very much popular in Gwagha VDC. The SHS has replaced the kerosene lamps in this VDC. In some parts of the (study area) VDC, the grid line for a few (1/2) wards has been extended, with only few households wiring but due to it’s irregular the villagers feel that solar is more reliable than grid line. However the occurrence of certain problems is some of the components (eg. Charge controller, bulbs, distilled water etc) made the users to by pass charge controller and frequent change of bulbs time after time. After the installation of SHS, about 2-5 liters of kerosene consumption has reduced per month per households. But the dry cell batteries are still in use to operate torch lights and tukimara. For the rapid development and promotion of SHS, the area should be identified and local capability should be built up at village level. Simple and transparent procedures for loan sanctioning should be developed and institutionalized. Subsidy policy for SHS should be made consistent. There is a need to integrated SHS technology with income generating activities and proper evaluation and supervision should be doneItem Socio-Economic Impact On Solar Home System To The Users In Sipadole And Katunje Area, Bhaktapur District(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2017-04) Dhonju, Hari RatnaNot available