Browsing by Subject "Domination"
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Item Ambivalence of Subaltern Consciousness in Somaly Mam’s The Road of Lost Innocence(faculty of Art in English, 2018-02) Rawol, MeeraAn attempt has been made to analyze Somaly Mam’s The Road of Lost Innocence through the perspective of gender subaltern in which she calls for collective activism to empower sexual slave girls’ position and status in the society. She raises voice against dominant social force to establish own space and other sexed women space in the society. She depicts unspeakable acts of brutality of sexual slave girls in brothels. Through writing, she appeals all people in the world to take issue of sexuality and girl trafficking seriously which is horrible in these days. Despite being an orphan, domestic and sexual slave girl, she succeeds to be an activist and reformist through her personal struggle. Her activism plays important role in the field of sexual slavery and girl trafficking. Mam requests for collective activism to eradicate women exploitation from the world. Her focus on NGO activism instead of political and national activism is questionable. Mam’s NGO rescues slave girls from brothels and provides them shelter and skills to re-start new life. Her activism looks contributory but paradoxical. Therefore, this paper will emphasize on Mam’s subaltern consciousness which is ambivalent consciousness.Item Backdrops of Economy: Loss of Home and Identity of Women in Patricia McCormick’s Sold(Department of English, 2023) Chuwai, SudeepThis paper examines the loss of home and identity of women in backdrops of the economy in Patricia McCormick’s Sold. The novel revolves around the story of the protagonist, Laxmi, who is sold in the brothel by her stepfather for the sake of money. She confronts several challenges like unwilling sexual relationships and punishment from Mumtaz, the woman who runs the brothel, to name but a few; however, ultimately, she rescues herself from such diabolical experiences with the help of an unnamed American character. In this relevance, this research paper embodies the Marxist feminist perspective, most specifically, Alexendra Kollentai’s notion of proletariat women, and Silvia Federici’s concept of primitive accumulation, and slightly takes Simon de Beauvoir’s insight of independent women to seek out the issues that rises in the text. The paper claims that there is a strong relationship between capitalism and patriarchy. Until and unless women take external agencies, like the protagonist accepting an anonymous American to be her agency, they are incapable of overthrowing the dirt of restriction and domination indoctrinated by patriarchy. The paper comes up with the conclusion that, in women’s domination, there is the role of women themselves, which might be less proportionately, but that helps men to suppress women. Moreover, the stronger the bond between patriarchy and capitalism, the more the layers of suffering, loss of home, and freedom, for instance, women go through. Keywords: capitalism, domination, trafficking, commodity, and women.Item Commodification of Human Values in Oscar Wilde’s Selected Stories(Central Departmental of English, 2019) Acharya, NareshIn selected stories of Oscar Wilde: "The Devoted Friend," “The Model Millionaire,” "The Teacher of Wisdom" and “The Young King”, the researcher aims to show commodification of human values in the modern world utilizing the Marxist concept of commodification. Human value has been degrading gradually in the modern capitalist society due to influene of materialism. In all these selected stories human value has exchange meaning. Human sympathy, human emotions, and compassion are exchanged with material value. In the story "The Devoted Friend” Miller exploits and utilizes his friend Hana for material benefit. In “The Model Millionaire” money prevents marriage between Hugh Eriskine and Laura Merton. Laura's father asks 1000 pounds for marriage. In "The Teacher of Wisdom", teacher asks money with Millers but hesitates to teach well to his students. “The Young King”deals with the utility of power for the exchange value. The selected stories reflect the utilitarian mentality of people in modern capitalist society in which human value is exchanged with material benefits. Keywords: objectification, human value, exploitation, domination, equalityItem Cultural Hegemony and Displacement in Buhran(Department of English, 2023) Pokhrel, Tej PrasadThis research work tries to explore ambivalence of cultural hegemony faced by the Tharus in the movie Buhran. It tries to dig out Tharus’ buried history. Hilly regions’ people overflowed as malaria had been eradicated. The Land Reform Act (2021 BS) introduced new law limiting twenty eight Bighas land for per family in the Terai. This act was for landless people however, power holder Parvatiyas influenced it and enhanced their intention. Panchayat Regime made Parvatiya language official language and sponsored Parvatiya culture. This movie revolves around these incidents. How was Tharu culture monitored by Parvatiya culture? What was the cause of their economic deprivation and displacement from Dang? are the key research questions. The protagonist of the movie,,Matwa, accepts Patwari’s cultural supremacy and his capitalist ideology. He assumes Patwari a financial supporter, scholar and a leader though his family members deny this. Finally, he realizes the domination but cannot sort out its exact cause. This is a qualitative research. It borrows ideas from Stuart Hall, Karl Marx, Louise Althusser, Antonio Gramsci, and EP Thompson to address the issue of the representation of Tharu culture and conflict, domination, hegemony, and subjugation of their history respectively. Besides, James Monaco’s film framework helps to analyze the historical representation of Tharu culture in visual form. Findings of this thesis are: Parvatiya culture dominated native Tharu culture, effaced their identity, limited their economic approach and constructing bourgeoisie knowledge, made them accept it as their fate resulting into their exigency for displacement. Keywords: Culture, Hegemony, Ideology, Tharu, Domination, DisplacementItem Ethos of Eco-feminist Consciousness in D.H. Lawrence’sLady Chatterley’s Lover(Department of English, 2021) Darai, SandhyaThis research work explores the interconnection between nature and women in Lawrence’sLady Chatterley’s Lover to understand how they are interlinked to each other in relation to the theoretical insight of ecofeminism. The concern to the nature- woman interrelationship and the way of treating nature and women in man superior industrialized society make the need for this research. As nature and women are the victims of patriarchal social structure, they face common suppression and oppression as a result of patriarchal thoughts. The nature-women relationship has been over looked in the light of eco-feministperspective: at heory that searches common ground of nature and women in patriarchal society. The research method consists theoretical in sightof relevant eco-feminists like Susan Griffin, Carolyn Merchant, Val Plumwood and others scholarly journals. The findings from this research show that modern men are unable to hear woe from nature. Man could not connect with nature the way woman can relate with their sorrow and unheard voice and that is because nature and women both share victimized position in society. The significance of such a bonding between nature and women helps to understand that they are interlinked as an important entity by sharing some common values. The conclusion of this research is that the environmental and feminist issues are equal at present.This can be well addressed by foregrounding the multiple voices of eco-feminist theorists who focus on the concern of nature-women interrelationship. Keywords: Interconnection,Consciousness,Natural World, Domination, Ecofeminism, Patriarchy.Item Gender Subalternity in Death of a Salesman and Fences(Department of English, 2018) Bam, YashodaThis research casts light on how the rigid patriarchal practices like early marriage and hegemony of patriarchal doctrine have relegated female characters in Death of a SalesmanandFences. Linda and Rose are being treated as feeble human beingswithout capacity.Linda and Rose cannot act normally because of patriarchy.. Theyare subjected tovarious harrowing consequences of trauma and suffering.In both plays, females are cheated by males. Linda Rose, Miss Forsythe, Alberta are presentedas feeble human beings who are not given important roles. They all act as meek infront of Loman and Troy as if they are captivated by theirauthority. They are unaware of their critical condition.Their subordinated, excluded and alienated lives prove thatthey are subalterns.The females of the plays represent feminine gender whose job, interest and agency have been manipulated by the males. Key Words: Gender, Subaltern, Voiceless, Margin,Patriarchy,DominationItem Representation of Class Struggle in Samrat Upadhyay's The Royal Ghosts(Department of English, 2019) Koirala, ShekharThe present research entitled “Representation of Class Struggle in SamratUpadhyay'sthe Royal Ghosts” tries to include the inclusion of middle as well as lower class people and exploitation of their innate psychological realities. The novel focuses on the ongoing realities of Nepalese society. It includes different stories from various fields, issues on social problems that are associated to child marriage, polygamy, exploitation over others, status of widows and workers, discrimination against women in the society. Multiethnic, socio-cultural and religious context represent conflicts and struggles with one another among various characters. The novel tactfully handles the stories during a decade long Civil War wages by Maoist where the working class people have to bear overburden of themselves and their family and they have to face the torture, pains and suffering given by the rich people, which reflects the notion of class struggles in the name of haves and have not’s. Novel also reflects the social, political and psychological impact of war on people and deep rooted problems of ills and evils of the conventional society. Similarly, the sign and symbols of conflicts, among the characters indicate the notion of class struggle.Item Representation of Female Agency in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’sThePalaceofIllusion(Faculty of Art in English, 2018-02) Chaudhary, SanjayThis research examines the representation of female agency in Chitra Banerjee Devakaruni’sThePalaceofIllusion. It demonstrates the problems and issue of mythological time of Mahabharata, a great Hindu epic, which is even related today. This paper tries to find out the crucial role of Draupadi in The Palace of Illusion as a female agency. It also connects the issue of identity and gender role in order to establish the female as a role model neglecting orthodox ideas as a second sex. Divakaruni recounts the epic fromDraupadi’s point of view, claiming female agency in war between two families. Likewise, it highlights the issue of motherhood and conflict depicting Draupadri’s struggle for identity in mythological context. In the novel, Draupadi has been presented as headstrong and female role model who provokes her husband to take revenge with Kauravas. Therefore, she is presented as revolutionary character that breaks down the traditional gender role but her contributions are neglected in Mahabharata. This paper critically analyzesDivakaruni’sThe Palace of Illusion from Third world feminist interpretation which raises the issues of nonwestern women. Especially,ChandraTalpademonhanty and Uma Narayan’s perspectives on feminism have been used as a theoretical insights to support the hypothesis.In Mahabharata, Draupadri, has been presented as submissive, passive and inactive character. Contrary to it, in The Palace of Illusion Divakaruni shows Draupadi as role model as well as courageous who is able to establish her identity in the patriarchal domainItem Resistance to Patriarchy through Female Bonding in Virani’s Aruna’s Story(Central Departmental of English, 2019) Bhatt, DeepaThis research paper is an attempt to project the patriarchal domination of Indian society and its resistance through female bonding. Pinki Virani has selected the real-life story of a nurse Aruna Shanbaug in order to show how patriarchy treats women in society and how women's bonding and their collective resistance plays a great role to challenge the patriarchy and their domination. Moreover, through this non-fictional text, this research paper talks from Third World feminists’ perspectives and brings marginalized issue at the center. To accomplish the task, the researcher takes theoretical insight primarily from third world feminists’ texts such as Ketu H. Katrak’s Politics of the Female Body, Chandra Talpade Mohanty’s Feminism without Borders: Decolonizing Theory Practicing Solidarity, Miranda Davies’ Third World Second Sex. In this research paper, the researcher finds how women can resist patriarchy via different sources using their voices politically and how collective resistance of women helps to minimize the existing biases among men and women in society. The sudden unification and collective voice of nurses provide the possibility to change the present situation of third world women. Hence, by projecting the political significance of the collective effort of women to resist patriarchy, this research paper attempts to expand the alternatives of maintaining gender equality in a third world society. Keywords: Rape, Domination, Women Bonding, Collective ResistanceItem A Study of Discrimination and Domination in Jane Austen’s Persuasion(2014) Chaudhari, Mohan PrasadThis dissertation is a discussion about how the people, who are socially and economically inferior, are guided by the ideology of superior class people. There is the gap between superior and inferior class people. The inferior class people are victimized by the ideological perspective of the superior class people. They live under the umbrella of ideology created by the superior class people. They can’t escape from the ideological perspective boundary of superior class people. The ideology of superior class people create resistance on the way of inferior class people, therefore, their life becomes wretched. Persuasion shows how the inferior class people sustain their painful life reluctantly.