Browsing by Subject "Epidemiological study"
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Item An Epidemiological Study of HIV/AIDS on Migrants People in Dang District(Department of Zoology, 2013) Oli, Karna BahadurThe study has attempted to find out the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among the migrants people of Dang district along with Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP). The study was based on blood examination and questionnaire survey. A total of 1,102 blood samples were taken and tested For HIV by Centrifuge and Finger prick method and Rapid kits were used to confirm the result of the test that were recommended by the national HIV testing protocol followed UNAIDS and WHO HIV test surveillance Algorithm Strategy II. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 16) and MS Excel. A total of 150 participants were participated in questionnaire survey. HIV prevalence was found to be 0.64%, among them 1.8% was found among the male population and 0.3% among female population. Maximum of the people were married and female were more participated than male. HIV prevalence was highest among the agriculture occupation (0.36%) and was least in business (0.09%).Migrants and spouse of migrants were infected in the equal ratio (0.27%) though spouse of migrants were high. Maximum of the participants were among the age group 18-34 and most of them had attained lower secondary level education. Maximum (97.3%) respondent knew about the family planning methods and practice of condom use among the married population was also satisfactory (53.3%). Sexual relationship and marital status among participants showed 16% of the participants had sexual relationship outside which signifies vulnerable to HIV infection. The frequently destination countries were Overseas and India.Maximum married female were suffered from STI which may lead to infection such as Syphilis and HIV/AIDS. This study suggests that a much greater effort is needed to promote safer sex and to improve HIV/AIDS, VCT knowledge and services among migrant particularly those who are engaging in risky behaviour.Item Epidemiological Study of Malariain Mahendranagar VDC of Sunsari District(Department of Zoology, 2006) Shahu, Ram PrasadThe present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of malarial parasites among the people inhabiting the Mahendranagar VDC that lies in tropical region in Eastern Nepal. An active detection was made by collecting 250 blood samples from suspected individuals visiting at Health Post and Janasewa Clinic during the study period, by microscopic examination of thick and thin blood smear preparation. Besides this,structured questionnaire was used to assess the socio-economic status and the environmental aspects in relation to the malaria. Out of 250 blood samples collected,10 samples were positive for the malaria infection. The slide positivity rate was foundto be 4% and the causer organism was found to be Plasmodium vivaxonly. Age wisedata revealed that of the total infected population the highest age specific slide positivity rate was found in 31-40 years age group (7.69%). Similarly in relation to sex, slide positivity rate was 5.33% in males and 2% in females. The prevalence rateof malaria was found to be higher in poor class people (5.15%) and those living in hut houses (7.54%). The malaria infection was common among Hindu people (4.65%) when compared to Muslim(0%) and Buddhist(0%). Likewise , prevalence of malaria was found to be the highest in illiterate (5.31%). Occupation wise prevalence was found to be highest in jobholders (5%) followed by farmer (4.8%) and labours(4.76%). High rate of infection was recorded during four summer months (April,May, July and September) with the largest number of patients during July (14.4%). In relation to environmental aspects and preventive measures malaria infection was common in hand pump users (4.13%) and in those applying no preventive measures(15%). With respect to migration, 80% (8 cases) of the total infected people were permanently inhabiting the area whereas 20% (2 cases) were migrated from India.Based on the present study; biological, physical and socio-economic measures are recommended to eradicate the malaria in the study area where there still needs to be conducted some integrated programmes for the eradication of malaria.