Browsing by Subject "Fundamentalism"
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Item Exploration of Cultural Trauma and Politics of Memory in John Updike’s Terrorist(Department of English, 2017) Sharma, Smirt SunderThe research paper is concerned with the traumatic experiences of powerless protagonist and some others characters in America projected in Updike’s Terrorist. It examines the journey of a young Muslim from radical to liberal and who has poisoned his mind against the Christian. This research problematizes how Ahamad is adrift and in search of identity for himself. His attempt leads to commit suicide against Christian places. It is the way of expressing his traumatized experience in American society. This paper shows the way how of taking revenge in regards of the traumatic experiences to resolve their trauma. The researcher has applied cultural trauma as basic approach of analysis. Major critiques regarding his traumatic experience and their cultural aspects have been used in this research paper. Ahmad, at last part, is pushed along a path becoming a martyr by being a suicide bomber which represents his attempts of searching identity within traumatic experience.Item Interpellation of Shalimar in Rushdie's The Shalimar the Clown(Department of English, 2019) Oli, Khem RajThe motives of the terrorists vary, from war atrocities to personal woes and before a terrorist attack can take place, a weapon must be assembled. That weapon is the mind of the terrorist. Though terrorism is not a religious monopoly, but post 9/11 it has come to be closely associated with Islam and its concept of jihad. In Shalimar the Clown Rushdie tactfully raises the issue of fundamentalism. The novel conveys both the spectacular beauty and the spectacular violence of the area, offering much to think aboutin terms of the origins of such violence.This thesis explores the issue of how a brilliantly gifted and lovable Muslim lover boy, ideologically turns into a rage filled jihadist. No man Sher Noman, later renames himself Shalimar meaning abode of joy,after the garden in which he accomplished his love, twists himself to revenge. It also delves into what leads him down the path to slashing an American ambassador’s throat, because being extremely dishonored, Shalimar abandons his home and his acting tradition to join the Kashmiri resistance movement, while owing allegiance only to personal revenge. The transformation of Shalimar the clown into a jihadist is the best part of the novel. The shy, romantic boy enraptured by myth becomes a cold- blooded combatant. Key Terms: Fundamentalism,Jihad, Power, Authority, Sovereignty,Power, Transformation, Revenge, Marginalized.Item Media [Mis]representation of the East in Reese Erlich's Inside Syria(Department of English, 2022) Kadariya, BinuThis paper explores the traces of 'Oriental Gaze' in Reese Erlich's collection of reports on the Syrian war. It also examines the way to media misrepresent the reality or colonialism. is endorsed through media in Erlich’s Inside Syria. As the journalistic report, this book explicitly presents the facts and figures during the crisis in Syria. However, that presentation of fact is guided by Western reports and its media and in most cases the writers of opinion articles demonstrated Western viewpoint. In this study, the researcher will try to make content discourse analysis of the entire report that is compartmentalized in different issue-based sections. In this work, the researcher will consider how one might re-orient an Orientalist gaze, extending this theoretical approach across Syrian war contexts, both in terms of the agency constructing this gaze as well as its subject. Drawing from Edward Said’s classic theory of Orientalism, the researcher will examine how media institutions participate in constructing Orientalist representations of Middle East countries like Syria. Briefly reviewing how the US as an agency portrays the Middle East through Reese’s investigative findings.Item Reflection of Violent World Order in Shalimar the Clown(Department of English, 2006) Paudyal, Yub RajSalman Rushdie's latest novelShalimar the Clown(2005) is about the world badly shaken by terrorism and violence born of personal and communal animosity. The novel includes references ranging from the Second World War and the Nazi atrocity upon the French Jews to the rise of American military power and political interest in the world, to the destruction of the Himalayan state of Kashmir after the Indian independence of 1947 which gave birth to two nation states of India and Pakistan. At the personal level, the novel is about love, vows and broken vows, revenge, hope and despair. The novelistic characters are portrayed in their nobility as well as meanness: Maximilian Ophuls, the flying Jew and French resistance hero, himself turns a predator and seduces Boonyi the dancer thereby devastating her life; Shalimar Noman the clown becomes a calculating and cold blooded murderer. At the societal level, the peaceful and harmonious state of predominantly Muslim Kashmir is beset by religious violence. Many Kashmiris lose their life as the Pakistan-supported Muslim fanatics infiltrate Kashmir and wreck havoc upon the Hindu villagers, and the counter terrorist action of the Indian army in return do the same. Kashmir, the heaven of earth is finally devastated forever. This parable is applicable to the plight of themodern world which is very similar to war torn Kashmir.Shalimar the Clownin this light can be read and interpreted as a precautionary tale about the predicament of humanity in this planet.Item Representation of Muslims as the Other: A Comparative Study of Updike's Terrorist and Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist(Department of English, 2018) Joshi, PramanandraThis research is a study of representation of Muslims in post 9/11 fictions. Particularly, the study mainly focuses on the comparative study of John Updike's Terrorist and Mohsin Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist. Both Updike and Hamid present Muslim characters as protagonists, but representation of Muslims is quite different. Updike as an American represents Muslim from the American discourse 'Muslim as the other'. Hamid represents the Muslims from the view of Migrant Muslim, who became the victim of American torture after the event of 9/11. Updike's Terrorist represents the Muslims as fundamentalist, terrorist and aggressive figures, who are not ready to accept to freedom, modernity and secularism. On the Contrary, Hamid reverses the stereotypical representation of Muslims and represents Muslims as much tolerate and modern as Westerners. This study analyzes both writer's representation of Muslim and concludes that in the conflict of religion and culture of Western and Muslim civilization innocent Muslim people have become victims after 9/11. Muslims are stereotypically represented in Updike's Terrorist while Hamid challenges this kind of representation and reestablishes Muslim identity.Item Tradition Versus Modernity in Orhan Pamuk’s The New Life(Department of English, 2013) Paudel, Yak RajThe present research analyzes the transformation of Turkish people from tradition to modernity illustrated in The New Life (Yeni Hayat in Turkish language) written by Orhan Pamuk. The central story revolves around the worthless and vain journey undertaken by the protagonist of the novel, Osman and other characters being influenced by a magical and all-impressive book written by Uncle Railman Rifki, which promises a new life full of freedom, autonomy and humanity, and free from narrow traditional constraints and restrictions. This journey is supposed to lead them towards civilization from barbarism but ultimately ends in apocalyptic bus wrecks and accidents aborting their main mission to reach their dreamland. The novel chronicles the mesmerizing events of the transcontinental country, Turkey – which lies in both Western Asia and Southeastern Europe - and its major towns thereby showing ‘the Great Conspiracy’ of the west to equate modernization with westernization and even with Christianization. The attraction and fascination of Turkish youths towards western and the so-called modern culture and civilization as illustrated in the mysterious book discarding their indigenous culture and civilization is paralleled and juxtaposed with the old people’s objection of the same. The oscillation of the events and ideas between tradition and modernity and Pamuk’s valorization of the Turkish original and indigenous culture and civilization are highlighted in The New Life leading him from the forefront of his country's writers into the arena of world literature.