Browsing by Subject "Implementation"
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Item Developing Criteria for Priority Ranking of Bridges: A Case Study of Bagmati Province(Pulchowk Campus, 2020-02) Adhikari, Suraj HariIn our country, prioritizing the projects for its implementation has been seen with great importance after institutionalization of federalism. At present, federal, provincial and local level government is executing infrastructure development in their respective jurisdiction. The main objective of this thesis is to identify the criteria for selection of bridges by federal, provincial and local government. Criteria are identified based on prevalent practice of multi criteria prioritization on bridge sector on national & international level and discussion with officials from bridge project implementing organizations on national level like DOR and LRBP. Sub criteria is developed with the help of secondary data on traffic, population, cost of bridge, all weather road length collected from online sources, DOR and LRBP and use of multi criteria analysis techniques like linear value function, series of verbal pair wise assessments and direct rating. AHP analysis is done to provide weights to criteria for which pair wise comparison form are developed and are made to fill from panel of 12 professionals related to bridge sector comprising of elected representatives, academic professionals, government officials and practicing consultant on bridge sector. Three criteria for federal level, five criteria for province level and four criteria for local level are identified. Among three criteria for federal level, strategic importance of road weighs 58.1%, AADT weighs 28.4% and project readiness weighs 13.5%. For province level matrix, strategic road importance weighs 34.3%, access to socioeconomic activities weighs 22.9%, all-weathered road length weighs 16.6%, present traffic volume weighs 14.9% and per capita investment weighs 11.3 %. For local level matrix, road closure duration weighs 34%, strategic importance of road weighs 27.1%, present traffic volume (VPD) weighs 21.4 % and all weathered road length maintainable/operable by local level weights 17.5%. During ranking of 17 bridges to be implemented by DOR with help of federal level multi criteria, Sansare Bridge on MRM highway at Ch. 392+280 score 2.61 and lies on rank one. Additional probable criteria were also put forward by the experts during study which however is not measurable at present context due to data insufficiency. Addition and omission of criteria however might be possible for real application accounting flexibility of multi-criteria analysis based on experts and stakeholders opinion.Item Impact & Implementation of Nepal Rastrabank Directives on Non-Performing Loan (A Comparative Study of the Selected Nepalese CommercialBanks viz. NBL, SCBNL, NABIL, LBL, NICB and NBB)(Faculty of Management, 2012) Chapagain, Khima DeviNot availableItem Issues in Implementation of ICTS in English Language Teaching: A Narrative Inquiry(Central Department of Education English, 2018) Dahal, AsmitaThe purpose of this study was to explore issues in implementation of ICT in English language teaching through narrative research design. Data collected by using two different research tools observation and semi- structured interview to get in-depth data. Data were coded thematically and analyzed descriptively and investigated that there are many ICT related issues and challenges However, several issues or challenges were identified and explored that prevent successful implementation of ICT in teaching process. These included lack of pedagogical competences by majority of teachers, lack of financial and technical support, lack of infrastructure and human resource to implement ICT in teaching, lack of motivation from administration. This study concluded that there is no magic solution to recover all the issues and challenges so to construct pedagogical reformation we need to deal all these issues as soon as possible. Specific recommendations related to policy practice and further researches are suggested based on the finding of the study. First chapter, introduction part of this study consists of background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of key terms. Second chapter related literatures were reviewed thematically. ICT and language teaching, type of ICT tools, ICT in education relate policy and practice in Nepal, teachers' competences in ICT, teachers' role in the implementation of ICT, need of ICT in ELT, and issues related to ICT in ELT were discussed in this section. It also consists of empirical review, its implications for the study and conceptual framework. In the chapter three, there were discussions about methods and procedure of the study. It consists design of the study, population, sample, sampling strategies, research tools, source of data (primary and secondary), data collection procedures, data analysis procedures and ethical considerations. Fourth chapter of this study include analyzed and interpretation of the data where fifth chapter showed findings, conclusions, and recommendations relate to policy, practice and further research. References and appendices are included at the last part of this thesis.Item Micro-Hydro Power and Social Change (A Study form Jharbang Chankhari Khola Micro-hydro Power Project Triveni Rural Municipality West Rukum Karnali Province)(Central Department of Sociology, 2018) Oli, Lal BahadurNot AvailableItem Role of Ngos in Social Inclusion of Rural Areas: A Case Study of Syaule Village Sindhupalchok District(Central Departmental of Rural Development, 2017) Nepal, Krishna PrasadThe concepts of social exclusion and its twin, social inclusion, were introduced at first in France and then popularized in social policy discourse in Europe in response to the crises of the welfare state and then used in other regions, especially in developmental discourses. Social inclusion is based on the belief that we all fare better when no one is left to fall too far behind and the economy works for everyone. Social inclusion simultaneously incorporates multiple dimensions of well-being. It is achieved when all have the opportunity and resources necessary to participate fully in economic, social, and cultural activities which are considered the societal norm. Emergence of inclusion movement in Nepal today is the result of continuous exclusion and indifference of the history. There are three layers of exclusion continue in Nepal: exclusion because of remoteness leading to low access to schools; exclusion because of caste and ethnicity; and exclusion because of gender. Therefore, in the context of Nepal, inclusion refers to the equitable political representation of the excluded segments of population, including women, various caste and ethnic groups, and those who live in underdeveloped regions. There is a long tradition of community networks and partnerships in Nepal. But, the NGO movement gathered momentum only after the restoration of democracy in the country in 1990. The government alone cannot meet the numerous needs of the people. So NGOs evolved as a drivers and partners of development to make the prosperous, modern and just Nepal. Social Welfare Council, as an apex body, is responsible for the promotion, facilitation, coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the activities of the NGOs in Nepal. The NGO movement is gaining strength but they are criticized due to their urban-based, partisan, projectized and interest-based nature. Many of the local NGOs are registered in the DAO office Sindhupalchok. Among them, most are working in the field of community and rural development. On one hand the adequate number of NGOs in the VDC shows the development concern of the people in the VDC, but on the other hand, only a dozen or two are operating, to some extent, satisfactorily and rest are passive with inconsequential role in social inclusion. The great challenge of NGOs of the VDC is to revitalize such passive NGOs and to develop their capacities with contribution to promote social inclusion Most of the NGOs of VDC are individual based institutions founded by leadership motives. The running of an NGO appeared like running household affairs or some private enterprises. Institutionalization of NGOs, Scarce of resources, Co-ordination with DDC, VDC, empowerment and capacity building of excluded gender, caste and ethnic group are major problems to foster social inclusion and people’s participation among the NGO community of the VDC. To face the above challenges and to tackle the problems., there should be an effective action plan is needed to ensure women, Dalit, Indigenous Nationalities and other disadvantaged and poor people’s maximum participation in NGOs activities(planning, decision making, implementation, monitoring and evaluation and the sharing of benefits) of the projects in the VDC, which ultimately promotes social inclusion.