Browsing by Subject "Islamic culture"
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Item Critique of Conventional Masculinity in Tawfiq Al- Hakim’s The Song of Death(Central Departmental of English, 2019) Upadhyay, Rita KumariThis thesis is a critique of conventional masculinity in Tawfiq Al-Hakim’s The Song of Death being based on gender studies. The research presents Hakim’s challenge to the masculinity especially in Arabian Islamic culture that is guided by revengeful motive of mother. Tawfiq was born in 1898 in a wealthy Egyptian family of Alexandria. He studied law in Cairo, graduated in 1925 and before died in 1987 translated and written so many articles, plays and books. Ahl al-Kahf, One Thousand and One Nights and ISIS are his exemplary plays. Being woman, Asakir is guided by the patriarchal motif of revenge i.e. eye for an eye. It is Asakir, a widow who ironically thinks that version of masculinity has to be preserved by her in order to do so she makes her son Ilwan take revenge of her father’s murderer but in vain. Ilwan is reflected as one of the modernists guided by social norms, decorum’s and laws. In order to critique the conventional masculinity the research makes use of theoretical insights of Judith Butler, Judith Halberstam and some more ideas of Glover and Cora Kaplan. Finally the research concludes that Hakim is critical of conventional masculinity. The mother is presented as a strong advocator of masculinity but her failure at the end of the play ironically displays the implacability of gender based roles in modern society like that of Cairo. Key Words: Gender, Masculinity, Tradition, Islamic culture, conflict, gender role.Item Empowering Women in Islamic Culture in Monica Ali's Brick Lane(Faculty of English, 2011) Pathak, SahadevMonica Ali’s Brick Lane emphasizes on Nazneen’s innermost intellectual vision of Islam that has paved a path for Muslims which binds them to obey its principles. Nazneen initially believes in fate rather than in action. But when she gets to the state of multiculturalism, she grows mentally and gradually starts thinking. She gets aware of the fact that the world in her surrounding is oppressive and male-dominated and she will not be fit to the world of blind faith where rationality is not counted. Till she is in the maze of the Islamic world, she is obliged to obey the dictations of male members first that of her parent and secondly that of her husband, Chanu. Nazneen’s mental growth leads her to fight against superstitions and oppressive principles in Islamic culture. She gets to learn how to use her mind rather than to believe in fate. She defies to walk along the path paved by patriarchy especially that by Islamic culture. Monica Ali does focus on the Islamic feminism that stresses on issues of women in Islam. Ali draws a picture of Nazneen’s world, a world of regular prayer, regular housework, regular remembrance of Karim and frequent visit with Razia. The minute details in Nazneen’s everyday life, the readers observe equally minute changes take place in the relationship of Nazneen and Chanu as it waxes and wanes in response to life’s daily challenges. Why does Nazneen get successful to overcome all problems of cultural differences whereas her husband, Chanu fails to stay in England despite his university qualification? The daughters of Nazneen and Chanu: Shahana and Bibi do seek for liberty in order to put on English dresses which Chanu entirely opposes against. Due to the pressure of anti-women laws in some parts of the Muslim world. women with some degree of education and awareness are beginning to realize that religion is begin used as an instrument of oppression rather than as a means of libration. To understand the powerful impetus to Islamize Muslim societies, especially with regard to women- related norms and values, it is necessary to know that of all the challenges confronting the Muslim world perhaps the greatest of modernity. Islamic feminists advocate women issues that they face in the Islamic culture.Item Formation of Identity through Acculturation: A Comparative Study of Smith’s White Teeth and Adichie’s Americanah(Faculty of English, 2018) Niraula, SanjeevThis research work examines the relationships between acculturation and identity formation in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah. The narrative unfolds the experience of first and second generation immigrants in new cultural locations of England and America.White Teeth narrates the story of Samad, an immigrant from Bangladesh who migrates to London and becomes an Englishman being influenced by British culture but ultimately turns to his own Islamic culture. Samad’s son Magid born in England, follows British culture but the experience of discrimination makes him realize his ‘otherness’ in British society. Americanah projects the story of Ifemelu, a teenager from Nigeria who migrates to the United States to pursue her study. In her attempt to assimilate herself into American society, she begins following American culture and values. Later on, she returns to her own country Nigeria due to the experience of racism in America. Ifemelu’s cousin Dike also undergoes the experience of racial discrimination in America. Due to the lack of connection to the cultural root, he lives an in-between life. To examine these issue of acculturation in the novels, the research work blends the concept of acculturation, acculturation strategies and acculturation stress as developed by John W. Berry, David L. Sam and others. Similarly, the concept of culture and identity is elaborated with reference to Stuart Hall’s notion of cultural identity. Likewise, Homi K. Bhabha’s concept of mimicry is taken into consideration to examine the in-between state of the second generation immigrants in the novels.Item Hedonistic American Culture Vs Fundamental Islamic Culture: A Sturdy Clash in John Updike's Terrorist(Department of English, 2010) Gajmer, Dinesh KumarThe focus of my research is on the clash of hedonistic American culture and fundamental Islamic culture, which is based on the life-styles led by the major characters in John Updike's Terrorist. This sturdy clash is not visible in the superficial ordinariness of the novel as it is completely covert. However, this research work makes an effort to do a thorough excavation, interpretation and analysis of the American life-styles so as to aptly externalize the collision of the aforementioned cultures on the solid foundations of a sturdy clash between Teresa and Ahmad, the representatives of hedonistic American culture and fundamental Islamic culture respectively, in the novel.