Browsing by Subject "Nepalese Foreign Policy"
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Item Geopolitics and Nepalese Foreign Policy(Faculty of Political Science, 2011) Khatri, Gopal RajGeopolitics is simply the geographic dimension of foreign policy. Geopolitics has twolevels, the background study of places, peoples, resources distributions and so on thatprovides the data for the foreign policy choices, and other is formationof spatially basedpolicies designed to achieve specific objectives (the study of specific geography). It startswith different points due to different national aspirations. Geopolitics has introducedcommon language and has been used at all scales from neighborhood to global. It alwaysaccepts the people's view, ideas, and feelings. Whatever the size of the nation smaller orbigger their geopolitical expectations are different. Non-geographic analysis was seen on theglobal and regional ambitions. As thegeopolitical movements in China and USA are competing to be the first nationin the field of trade market in the world. The basic aspects of foreign policy is guided by theconcept of geopolitics, geopolitics is a problem solving science based on the experiments inthe laboratory of people's views and thoughts. It is the geosetting of country that formulatesthe foreign policy. Geo-setting of Nepal plays vital role in her role with her neighbours. Nepaldesigns strategies for relationship with China, India, US and relation at RegionalContext. Geopolitics deals with far and recent history usually from 1870 AD to 1980'sonwards. This was the beginning year of the country's geopolitical activities. The wordgeopolitics was invented by two writers: Kjellen and Ratzel from Sweden and Germanyrespectively in 1870. The word was used in mist of languages from neighborhood to global.After Ratzel, Germany (1844-1904), Kjellen, Sweden (1864-1927), Mhan, American (1840-1914), Mackinder, British (1861-1947) and Haushorfer, Germany (1964-1947) have analyzeddifferent verities of geopolitics. They are the founders of the concept of geopolitics. In the context of Nepal, she is located in between China and India situated like a yambetween two huge builders. Nepal has used Neutral foreign policy but the world activitieshave certainly affected. Recent days Nepal's policies have no certain paths. Nepal's foreign policyfaces greater challenges. It needs to explain geopolitically in changed context of regional orglobal affairs. Good guys and bad guys policy means good relationship (good guys) bad guys (badrelationship). States do not have friends states have interests. So it is realized that geopolitics is driven by a patriotic commitments and welfare desires for a brighter and more secured future ofa nation. This study mainly consists of two parts, part one is introductory part that consists ofintroduction, methodology and literature review. In the part of literature review, recentliterature are collected and briefly analyzed. Similarly, part two describes the geopoliticalconcept and the context. Accordingly, all the relevant chapters are analyzed. The generalobjective of the study is to present archival and analytical description of the geopolitics andforeign policy of Nepal. The hypotheses 'Geopolitics encourage the feeling of Nepalesenational aspirations' and 'Geopolitics playsthe vital role to implement the foreign policy' aretested in the study. Being a landlocked and least developed country Nepal always suffered frominternational surroundings. It cannot identify its dignity. Specially Nepal cannot identify thepersonalities of geopoliticians and foreign policy experts. Nepal feels big brother to itssouthern neighbour but it always encroaches Nepal's land so it is the behaviour of a friend orfoe. No record is maintained about Nepalese geopolitikers and record of foreign affairs.It is seemed that India always overlapped the no man's land but our border authorities lookhelplessly and keep silence and feel no responsibility. It is evident that from India leftist andrightist politicians get benefits. As the transitional period Nepal faces many challenges,problems and issues. If we enter the foreign ministry with the objectives to search the records of foreign policy expert, unfortunately, there is no record. Therefore, envoy system must be equipped with successful diplomats with full information on diplomacy and international relations in the modern world. But Nepal always forgets the norms for appointment of experts for the position of ambassadors or envoys.Item Nepal Britain Relationship: Conflict and Cooperation of 200 Years(Department of Political Science, 2017-11) Poudel, SarojNepal and Britain have postulate relationship that needs no clarification. The relationship of friendship, economic development and military assistance and cooperation have created the wide spread scope for the development and sustainability.Main objectives of this research are to identify the conflict and cooperation issues of relationship and tracing out the impact of these issues in Nepal.The researcher had identified various variables to measure the relationship parameter and justify the objectives.The researcher had gathered different literatures for the critical review, used analytical and exploratory research methods to draw the conclusion. The gathered literatures were sited using the guidelines of American Psychological Association (APA). Random interview with subject experts was the main source of primary data for the thesis. Every International Relationship has either economic or military aspect as a root of it. Diplomacy, Assistance, Treaties are the subsequent phenomenon. Nepal and Britain commenced the relationship with the military side (War Threat) since the emergence of East India Company in Asia. King of Malla Empire has first visited Great Britain which is regarded as a milestone of relationship. Anglo Nepal War is considered as a major foothill of the subsequent relationship. The Sugauli Treaty (1816), strategic losses of large chunk of land and Nepal Britain Mutual Treaty (1923) are the considerable progress parameters of the relationship of two countries which abandoned the warhead mentality and entered into military collaboration.Recruitment of Nepali young blood in British Companies was the collaborative approach of relationship. Nepal had contributed many young soldiers to British. The mutiny in Indian Army Company further flamed the urge of Nepali soldiers in British forces and bolstered the supply chain of military to British and Indian Army.Visit of the Prime minister yielded human development, change in the governance and infrastructural development in Nepal, on the other side; Britain was becoming victorious with Gurkha soldiers. We had reciprocal relationship then. Britain had been supportive in our political movements, disaster time and development programs in recent times. The sovereignty concept, Buffer state concept, Big power-Small power relation are being proved by this relationship. This ended up with conflict, collaboration and cooperation between Britain and Nepal.Regular support on development, Aid,reorganization of major political movements, support during democratic process and peace building, welcoming the new constitution, welfare schemes, common concern on climate change, and humanitarian assistance during disaster are the best examples of cooperative practices.The sovereignty issues of Gurkha recruitment, big power andsmall power relationship, negative trade rate, changing global politics, Brexit are the debatable issues of Nepal and Britain relationship. Thus, these issues need to bead dressed without hurting the notion of International Relationship and respecting the cordial and glorious relationship with Britain.Considering all these facts, we have huge opportunity in being in relationship with Britain but we have to maintain it using tool of diplomacy, brotherhood by cashing the two hundred years old postulate relationship.