Browsing by Subject "New Historicism"
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Item An Alternative History of Holocaust: New Historical Reading in Gerda W. Klein’s All But My Life(Central Department of English, 2019) Lamichhane, Sanatanavailable with full textItem Blurring of the Demarcation between History and Fiction in Peter Carey’sTrue History of the Kelly Gang(Department of English, 2007) Regmi, SushmaThe present research work is the study of Kelly history about the suffering of the marginalized Australiansfrom new historicist perspective. The research is able to recuperate the colonial history of Ned Kellyby amalgamating history and literature which is the inter-textual output. By creating fictional love story between Ned and Mary and fictional daughter of Ned Kelly,the suppressed history is written by Peter Carey as a revisionist writer. The painful life of the Kellys during colonial period and the inhuman treatment of the colonizers especially English police are clearly examined. The suppressed and unraveled pastcomes into existence which is the best way to renovate the Kelly history in the historical fiction. Peter Carey analyzes the relationship between English colonizer and Australian colonized as the relationship of power. He thinks that the English colonizers created discourses about the colonized like Ned Kelly due to their power politics. So, Carey tries to explore the unexplored terrain within Australian Kelly history ofthelate nineteenth century. This research thematizes the postmodernist and especiallynew historicist concern with the radically indeterminate and unstable nature of textuality and subjectivity.Item Critiquing the Utopia of the norm: reading Fyodor Dostoevsky's the Idiot(Department of English, 2008) Subash, KafleThis research makes a study of interweaving issues of disability—instances of epilepsy and derision in the major characters, and the subjugation of Myshkin in Russian Aristocratic class, in particular–in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novelThe Idiot. Together with investigating the ways in which Myshkin and Nastasya Filippovna are represented in this Russian text written at the high time of Russian aristocracy, principal focus has been to bring into light the Russian aristocratic culture that subjugates peoples who slightly disagree with the then social values. In particular, my attempt has been to scrutinizeThe Idiotthat emerges as a ruthless commentary over Russian aristocratic culture. Whereas Dostoevsky chronicles the marginalized ‘abnormal’ voices on literary disability studies, the novel comes to put the characteristic features of Russian aristocracy in the pretext of so called disabled people’s degradation. This research follows the latest contributions on Fyodor Dostoevsky’s work. Dostoevsky delves in the life of Myshkin and Nastasya Fillippovna to expose the sufferings and contingencies in that they had to carryout solely because of their so-called physical and psychological abnormality.Item Denunciation of Institutionalized Violence: A Critical Reading on Randall Jarrell’s War Poems(Department of English, 2008) Panta, PradipTheresearchentitled“DenunciationofInstitutionalized Violence:ACritical ReadingonRandallJarrell’sWarPoems”explorestheresistanceagainst power politics of State violenceinJarrell’swarpoemsinthelightofNew Historicism.His poemsareimpregnatedwiththeconscienceofcondemnation,revolt andresistancefor theliberationandfreedomofindividualswhoareforcefullypushedintothe battlefieldowingtotheexcessiveadministrativepowerexercisedbymodern technologicalbureaucraticState.Hence,hispoemsfunctiontoawakeconsciousness ofresistanceinthemindofthesoldierswhoarephysicallywoundedand psychologicallyagonizedinordertoresisttheStateviolence.Therefore,Jarrellhas employedpoetryasadynamiclocationforstagingcondemnationagainstthemost oppressivefeaturesofmodernhegemonicState.However,hisresistancecarriesa deeppoliticalvision thatistoachieveliberation,freedomandjusticeforthe victimizedwarriorsorindividuals.Item Discourse in Pasternak's Doctor Zhivago(Department of English, 2007) Pathak, ChakrapaniPresenting pre–and post revolutionary Russia, Boris Pasternak's historical novelDr. Zhivago portrays the picture of a doctor, poet and philosopher whose life is eventually destroyed by various discourses and counter-discourses practiced by monolithic state and its agencies. Yearning for the betterment of society and family, protagonist Yury Zhivago experiences war and revolutions the state faces but loses all of his hopes and beloved ones and achieves nothing more than utter poverty and death on the street. Thus, Yury loses his pursuit of freedom, individuality and becomes a victim of power exercise.Item Discourse of Democracy in Whitman's Poetry(Department of English, 2007) Regmi, Kamal RajThe present research studies Whitman's privileging of democracy in his poetry as a discourse and it tries to unravel the politics beneath the surface. Though, Whitman seems to be advocating rights and dignity for the common people. He usurps their fundamental rights to express their pains and sufferings by not imparting them any agency. Understanding them at their depth, he ventured to rule over them by creating different sorts of discourses. It also examines how Whitman hypnotizes the common people in his ambivalent words and captures them under his clutch as a capitalist does. So Whitman's privileging of democracy is colored by his politics that is to maintain the status quo. He wanted to show sympathy over them but he never wanted them to come at fore.By usurping their fundamental rights to speak, he made them dumb and dependent forever. So, he is rather undermining the common grass root people instead of uplifting them.Item Dream as an Alternative History in Langston Hughes’s Selected Poems(Department of English, 2016) Budhathoki, SushmitaThis proposed paper aims to explore dream as an alternative history in Langston Hughes’ selected poems, “Harlem: A Dream Deferred”, “Dream Variations”, “Dreams”, “Dreams Boogie”, “I Continue to Dream”, “I Dream a World” and “The Dream Keeper”. This thesis also analyzes the historical connotation of African American revolution that attracts Hughes mind to tackle on the issues of the blacks. As the voice of the blacks was suppressed and muted, Hughes endeavors to raise voice on behalf of the blacks through literature. Hughes inaugurates a world of dream which becomes an alternative history for the blacks because the unsayable can be said through fantasy or dreams. The dream of the blacks is all about fantasy and imagination where they blacks imagined their colorful life with home, fraternity and freedom. The close observation of dream as motif in his poems serves as an alternative history when examined from the point of view of New Historicism. Keywords: Dream, Imagination, History, New HistoricismItem Fictionalization of history in Saul Bellow’s Mr. Sammler’s Planet(Department of English, 2016) Prem Prasad Pande, Prem PrasadThis research analyses Saul Bellow's novel Mr. Sammler's Planet in order to show how history is discursive and constructed phenomenon. For this, Michel Foucault's truth, knowledge and power; Stephen Greenblatt's notion of cultural poetics; Louis A. Montrose's view of textualization of history are used as methodology of analysis. It probes into the unreliable character Mr. Sammler, an aged one-eyed Polish Jew now living in New York with his daughter. He is not an astronomer by profession but by a philosophical state of mind. With his one good eye, he peers into history through the telescope, explores the major historical incidents like Vietnam War and holocaust of WWII. Having escaped death in a concentration camp during World War II, Sammler is disillusioned, even horrified by the violence around him. Sammler cannot express the truth of history. He just interprets the events. His all experience of life becomes uncertain because of cultural interpretation of events. So the entire novel renders history as a fiction.Item Fictionalization of Indian History in Roy's The Ministry of Utmost Happiness(Department of English, 2021) Yogi, Chandra NathThis study examines fictionalization of Indian history in Roy's The Ministry of Utmost Happiness from the perspective of new historicism. In this paper, the researcher argues that the writer in the fiction critiques the Indian politics during the 1980s and also indirectly criticizes the political leaders from 1980-2017. The researcher also attempts to show the dissatisfactions, frustrations towards the unstable Indian government because of power hegemony, hunger of politicians and also exploitation of downtrodden people. They were badly treated by some political leaders in the name of caste, gender, religion which is ridiculous. The writer is in favor of Muslim because Hiindutwa is all over country and also she is in favor of marginalized, downtrodden people as she is willing to provide voice to the voiceless people. Moreover, her writing is convincing though she has exaggerated some issues but she seems to have felt as them as her own problems. The paper concludes that the official history of India has excluded the marginalized ones, who also should be given rights, liberty and freedom. Key Words: New Historicism, Indian Politics, Historical Context, Marginalization, Dissatisfaction, Gender DiscriminationItem History Revisited in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children(Department of English, 2007) Regmi, Subandha RajNot availableItem Interrogation of Official History inWashington's Up from Slavery(Faculty of Art in English, 2018) Khatiwada, BaikunthaThe interaction of history and literature has been always an important subject among literary scholars. One of the newest approaches in the field of literary criticism is New Historicism. In this almost new way of analysis, not only history affects literature but also literature could be effective in understanding history. So, the relationship between literature and history is reciprocal. This research paper is an attempt to find traces of new historicity in Booker Taliaferro Washington's Up from Slavery by the help of the theories and ideas given by new historicist thinkers like: Michel Foucault, Stephen Greenblatt and Harold Arams Vaesser .In this text, Powerful people dominate lower class people by creating discourse called power in Foucauldian notion of new historicism. It is shown that the margin of society, the blacks have own discourses as whites have. There are subversive voices which resist the dominant culture through which they open a space for the other black men in order to show up themselves. Power as a social energy does not always belong to the whites who have imposing discourse but the blacks also have their own power too is the major finding of this researchItem Quest for Justice in Malamud’sThe Fixer(Department of English, 2007) Khatri, Jhojan SinghThe Fixer dramatizes the stirring portrait of injustice inflicted upon an innocent Jewish handyman, Yakov Bok. The power politics imprisons him for no particular reason except being a Jaw for a crime. Though he is severely beaten, tortured, and ill-treated in the prison, he does not confess the crime even at the risk of triggering pogrom. He protests and fights against the insurmountable injustice of the power holders and endures all kinds of pains, sufferings, and psychological tortures for the triumph of truth and justice.Item Quest for One's Own Roots in D.B. Gurung’s Novel Echoes of the Himalayas(Department of English, 2006) Bashyal, Devi PrasadEchoes of the Himalayasechoes the voice of the people till now underminedand unheeded by the mainstream power holders both in literature and in politics. Byintroducing an ethnic youth as the protagonist of his novel, D.B. Gurung has venturedon a new terrain of literary practices. He has effectively proved that it is not thenobility of birth but the nobility of ideas and ideals that make one worthy of beingtreated in literature. The central concern of the novel is toexpose how the ethnic people are treatedinhumanly in their own lands. Especially, Gagan Ghondey, the son of an ex-Gurkhaveteran, suffers much harassment and humiliations as he tries to establishment himselfin his ancestral land. Because his father hadleft the country of Nepal withoutacquiring his status as the citizen of Nepal, Gagan now lacks the essential documentsto prove himself a Nepalese. But his fluency in Nepal language, his mongoloidfeatures, and his ardent love for Nepal all speak volume for the fact that he is a Nepaliat the core of his being. This thesis rests on the assumption that the greatest question that an individualor a people can ever face is the question of roots and cultural ties. The truly universalyet immediate question human beings have since long been facing is 'Who am I?' Thisis the most important question related to one’s identity. And when we talk about ouridentity, we necessarily talk about our ancestry which comprises our genealogy andthe soil of our birth. The novel recounts, in moving terms the thousand miseries that the tribal peoplehave to undergo if they try to align themselves with the land of their ancestors. Theunsympathetic establishment does not accept the rights and existence of theindigenous people. This exclusion of the natives from the state mechanism may resultin ultimate rebellion and recrimination—this is the premonitory tone of the novel.Item Reconstruction of History in Michael Ondaatje'sThe English Patient(Department of English, 2006) Jaishee, Gokul PrasadOndaatje'sThe English Patient breaks away from the tyranny of chronology. It moves backward and forwards, in bits and pieces like natural motion of memory. By juxtapositioning history andpersonal history, he focuses the characters and their emotions. The fourshell-shocked human being began to gather the broken pieces of their lives. He subverts the traditional idea of viewing historyasa records of facts and absolute truth by presenting the fragmentsof history of characters. The scene of loss, devastation, trauma are portrayed in the novel. In their memory, the characters recreate the military and political events of 1942 the year before and after.The English Patient discloses the various truths of the characters that are hidden in traditional history.Item Recreation of History Through Art in Ondaatje's Anil's Ghost(Department of English, 2006) Kandel, Tika RamMichael Ondaatje'sAnil's Ghostnarrates the forgotten stories of those who were massacred in the mindless violence of Sri Lankan Civil War, particularly the common and downtroddenpeople. Presenting the central character, Anil, beyond the mainstream cultural, political and social scenarios, Ondaatje confirms his affinity to the underprivileged people. The pain and agony of war victims is clearly examined through the reconstruction of skeletons. The suppressed and unidentified past comes into existence which is the best way to renovate the native history within the literary text. Ondaatje historicizes those people who exist on the margin of canonical history. With this novel, he givesthe voice to those who were unheard in official history, records them in art and literature as Sri Lankan artist Anand reconstructs the statue of Buddha.Item Redefining Identity: A New Historicist Approach in The Autobiography of Malcolm X(Faculty of Art in English, 2018-03) Padal, BinodThe advocacy for equality and unique identity is provoked in people of margin since the time of their consciousness towards equality and freedom. In The Autobiography of Malcolm X also, Malcolm X represents the voice of repressed for distinct identity basing on their historical significance, capacity, skill and strength of performance. There are several factors like social, political and economic to dominate the minority group people. In order to reflect the real sense of such people's identity these factors should be taken in grant in order to redefine the identity and perception towards such dominated people. In order to trace such aspect New Historicist thinkers like Michael Foucault, Aram Vesser and Stephen Greenblatt form the theoretical surrounding of this research. This research depicts even Black people have capacity and confidence to form their own identity even in adverse environment, if they are not misrepresented and unidentified in the societyItem Revisiting Bengali History in Tahmima Anam's The Good Muslim(Department of English, 2019) Aryal, Tara PrasadAnam's novel The Good Muslim is a representation of the fragmented society after the independence war of Bangladesh.Maya is the central character and she is projected as a very rebellious and dynamic character in the novel. She fights against the ideology of patriarchal society which imposes authority on women even when they have fought for the sake of state in the independence war of Bangladesh. Maya has challenged the absurd characteristics of soldiers.The major thrust of the thesis is to explore how Anam projects the idea of equal rights and justice for both male and female as they have equally participated in the war. The researcher in order to justify the claim draws on the theoretical insights of Stephen Greenblatt"Practicing New Historicism". New Historicism interrogates the official history and explores the history of margin. Tahmima Anam raises questions to the state that why the state ignores the presence of female in the independence war of Bangladesh instead of honoring them as male. Anam opposes the trend of male centric history writing tradition in the past in this novel. Maya struggles for the position of women participated in the independence war of Bangladesh. Anam fights for both male and female for equal rights, justice and honor in the independence war of Bangladesh. Key Words:New Historicism,Independence war of Bangladesh, Marginalization Justice, Equality, Gender roles.