Browsing by Subject "Quality education"
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Item English as a medium of instruction at secondary level education: Challenges and pitfalls(Department of English Education, 2021) Kulung, Bala RamThis research entitled English as a Medium of Instruction at Secondary Level Education: Challenges and Pitfalls was an attempt to explore the challenges encountered by teachers in the classroom where EMI is implemented. Another objective of the study was to identify the pitfalls caused by EMI education. I adopted mixed method design. The population of the study included all the public secondary level teachers of Kathmandu Valley where EMI is implemented. Altogether thirty five public secondary level teachers from seven different schools were selected as a sample using purposive non-random sampling procedure. The researcher used questionnaire as a research tool. On basis of analysis and interpretation of the collected data, it has been found that there are not enough ICT based classrooms for teaching through EMI, no any written guidelines on how to teach through English mediumand English-speaking environment is not created there in their school premises. Besides these, the challenges of employing EMI are diversity in background of the students, lack of necessary teaching materials, traditional mindsets and lack of co-operation among teachers, and poor students in English. On the other hand, in regards to pitfalls of EMI, one of the negative effects of shifting medium of instruction in to English is slowly but surely the loss of local cultures in the near future that diminishes the local or indigenous knowledge. In addition, the pitfalls of growing demand of employing EMI in public schools are gradual death of local language, religion and culture by Western ones. The present study includes five chapters. The first chapter deals with introduction including background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. Chapter two deals with review of related literature and conceptual framework which consists of review of related theoretical literature, review of related empirical literature, implications of the review for the study and conceptual framework. Chapter three deals with methods and procedures of the study including design of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation and ethical consideration. Similarly, chapter four deals with analysis and interpretation of data. Likewise, chapter five deals with findings, conclusion, and recommendations. Finally, the references and appendices are included at the end of this work respectively.Item English as a Medium of Instruction in Public Schools: Practices and Perceptions of Teachers and Students(Department of English Education, 2018) Shrestha, KalpanaThe present study entitled English as a Medium of Instruction in Public Schools: Practices and Perceptions of Teachers and Students is an effort to analyze the perceptions of teachers and students regarding the use of English as a Medium Instruction (EMI) and to explore the classroom practices of using English as a medium of instruction at basic level and secondary level in public schools of Sindhupalchok district. Purposive sampling procedure was used as sampling procedure in which ten students and thirty basic level and secondary level teachers of public schools, teaching content subjects except English and Nepali were selected as respondents of the study.A questionnaire containing open-ended and close-ended, eight classroom observations and two focus group discussions (FGDs) were used as the tools to collect data. The data was analyzed and interpreted descriptively and statistically. The study reveals that most of the teachers and students are positive toward the implementation of EMI in public school as well as it shows that English and Nepali are used as the medium of instruction rather than monolingual English language at basic level and secondary level classrooms. In the study, most of the participants said that English is necessary because of great demand of parents and students in public schools. It is found that there is the gap between policy and practice of EMI in the classrooms because there is the name EMI in classroom teaching but teachers and students are compelled to use bilingual approach (Nepali and English). It is recommended that teachers are required to get training, English speaking zones should be created and more exposure should be provided for the effective implementation of EMI. This study contains five chapters. The first chapter deals with background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, delimitation of the study and operational definitions of key terms. The second chapter comprises review of the related theoretical and empirical studies, implications of the studies and conceptual framework. Likewise, third chapter consists of design and method of the study, population, sample and sampling strategies, , source of data, data collection tools and techniques, data collection procedure, data analysis procedures and ethical consideration. The fourth chapter includes analysis of data and interpretation of results where data have been analyzed in terms of perceptions of teachers and students towards implementation of EMI and practices of EMI at basic and secondary level. Similarly, the fifth chapter incorporates findings, conclusions and recommendations based on analysis and interpretation of the data. The references and appendices have been included in the last part of the thesis.Item Strategies Used by English Teachers to Manage Their Large Size Classes(Department of English Education, 2015) Mahara, NeelamThe present research work entitled "Strategies Used by English Teachers to managet heir large size classes" is an attempt to find out strategies adopted by teachers to manage large size ELT classes. The study was carried out by using both primary and secondary sources of data. To achieve the objectives, a classroom observation form and a set of questionnaire were prepared as the tools for data collection. The data were taken from the twenty higher secondary English teachers of Kathmandu valley. From each school, two English teachers were selected by using purposive non-random sampling method. The teachers were provided questionnaire and their forty classes were observed by the researcher with the help of a check-list. The data collected through the classroom observation and questionnaire were analyzed and interpreted both descriptively and statistically. It was found that there was a gap between the teachers' knowledge about the strategies that could be used in large size ELT classes and their practices in real classroom teaching. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with theintroduction of the topic in which background, statement of the problems,objectives, research questions, significance of the study, delimitation of the study and the operational definition of key terms are included. The second chapter includes the review of both theoretical and empirical literature, along with the implication of the review for the study. It also includes conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with the methods and procedures of the study. It includes research design, population and sample, sampling procedure, data collection tools, data collection procedure and data interpretation procedures. The fourth chapter includes analysis and interpretation of the data and the summary of the findings. Then, the fifth chapter presents the conclusion of the study and recommendations. Moreover, it also suggests some pedagogical implications based on policy level, practice level and further study. This chapter is followed by references and appendices used for the study.