Browsing by Subject "Simulation,"
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Item Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic - Thermal System Using Simulation and Experimental Approach(I.O.E. Pulchowk Campus, 2023-11) Subedi, AshokOne potential solution for overcoming the use of fossil fuels involves renewable sources like solar energy. The most efficient way of extracting the solar energy is through solar PV system which tends to decline as the temperature of cell rises. A promising approach to enhance both the electrical performance of PV and the acquisition of beneficial heat energy is through the implementation of photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) systems. This technology aims to increase overall system efficiency. This research undertook the development and examination of a PVT water system employing a serpentine-type tube configuration. To analyse outlet and cell temperatures, ANSYS software was utilized. The investigation encompassed a range of mass flow rates, spanning from 0.001 kg/sec to 0.005 kg/sec, and three heat flux rates (600, 800, and 1000 W/m2). The study also encompassed real-world testing under Nepal's weather conditions, following the parameters set in the simulation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results unveiled peak thermal and electrical efficiencies of the system at 59.3% and 11.6%, respectively. Experimental testing yielded slightly lower figures, with thermal and electrical efficiencies measuring 53.5% and 10.4%, correspondingly. Notably, the PV system's electrical efficiency was gauged at 9.6%, while the PVT system reached 10.4%, underscoring the PVT system's enhanced efficiency due to its cooling impact and lower cell temperatures compared to standalone PV systems. The study highlighted that thermal efficiency exhibited a direct correlation with mass flow rate, whereas cell temperature exhibited an inverse relationship with increasing massItem Calibration of VISSIM Parameters for Modeling Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions in Kathmandu using Genetic Algorithm: Case Studies of Singhadurbar, Padmodaya, and Putalisadak Intersections(I.O.E. Pulchowk Campus, 2023-12) Manandhar, AashishMost developing countries consists of unsignalized intersections carrying heterogeneous traffic conditions. Microsimulation models and their environment are widely being used for the evaluation of such traffic conditions and development of road networks worldwide. Due to the difficulties in analyzing the complexities of heterogeneous traffic and calibrating the microsimulation, their use in Nepalese context is limited to research studies. This study proposes a procedure to determine the range of values of sensitive calibration parameters tailored to local conditions. Additionally, it suggests a methodology for the automated calibration of microscopic simulation models based on these sensitive parameters at unsignalized intersections with heterogeneous traffic. VISSIM, a microscopic, time step oriented, and behavior-based simulation tool was used to model the intersection which consists of a large number of input parameters making model calibration rather difficult. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the sensitive calibration parameters using Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and one way ANOVA testing. Based on the findings of the literature review, 12 calibration parameters were identified. Using traffic flow as a measure of effectiveness, the parameters were reduced to 9 sensitive calibration parameters.