Browsing by Subject "Socio-economic Conditions"
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Item Livlihood Strategy of Rana Tharu(Central Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University, 2016-09) JOSHI, VIJAYA RAJThe General objective of the study is to know the livelihood condition of Ranas Tharus of Geta VDC of Kailali District. The study is descriptive methods in the nature and sociological perspective are used. Simple random and purposive samplers were used for the study. Household survey schedule, focus group discussion, key informant interview, case study and observation methods were used for the collection of primary data. Secondary data were collected from the relevant article, books, reports, CBS reports, DDC and VDC profile. The present Thesis has been completed in Seven chapter. Majority of the respondents are married women which comprises 86.66 percent, 8.33 percent unmarried and 5 percent separated who are living away from their husband’s house who comprises 8.33 percent of the total respondents. 66.4 percent of the respondents are lives in the Kachhi with tile house, 24.9 percent of the respondents are lives in Kachhi with roof house and 8.33 percent of the respondents are lives in the pakki house. There are 83.33 percent male respondents who are headed their households, and there are 3.33 percent households in which decision in house are taken collectively by both husband and wife. Tharu people of Geta are trying to participate in the activities of mainstream of development but they are being problems as they are in initial stages of socio-economic and cultural. The relationship with non Tharus neighbors makes them too easy for adoption of modern activities and it makes to direct change their livelihood strategies. Bad habits of food and drinks, early marriage, unplanned family, economic disability, illiterate, lack of decision making power, simplicity, environmental degradation, landlessness, exploitation, and traditional approach on agriculture are the main constraints for the socio-economic changes of the Tharu people of study area. And economy, migration, education, modern technology, globalization, modernization, mercerization, transportation, communication, physical facilities, changing cropping trend are the other responsible changing factor of Tharus of study area.Item Socio Economic Impact of Shivapuri National Park on Local Community (A Case Study of Budhanilkantha Area)(Department of Rural Development, 2006) Karki, LaxmiShivapuri National Park and was established in 2002. Earlier Shivapuri was the main source offuelwood, fodder and timber for the local people. In 1975, HMG of Nepal tried to check theproblems of deterioration of Shivapuri ecosystem and established development project on theguidance and supervision of Shivapuri Development Board. Again the area was gazette asShivapuri Watershed and Wildlife Reserve (SWWR) in 1983. In Feb. 2002, the reservewasdeclared as National Park. Hence, the practices of local people foe years and easy access tonatural resources of Shivapuri have been undermined. Keeping in mind the above mentioned situation Budhanilkantha area inside the ShivapuriNational Park wasselected for the study of socio economic impact of local community. The general objective of the study is to assess the socio-economic impact of the ShivapuriNational Park on the livelihoods of the people living nearby.The specific objectivesof the studyare toexamine the socio-economic condition of the local people, to estimate the demand andsupply of firewood in Budhanilkantha Area, to find out the components of conflicts between thelocal people and National park. The descriptive research design has been adopted. Primary andsecondary data have been equally used. The total 103 sample populations have been abstractedthrough a purposive sampling under non-probability sampling design. The questionnaire havebeen constructed as closed and open ended type and administered in Nepali language. It had been concluded that it had been concluded that the majority (93%) of the respondents aresatisfied with the establishment of the Shivapuri National Park but the local people living in andaround the Shivapuri National Park have no legal access in all available natural resources as theirdemand although quality is in good condition and has reasonable distance for resource collection. Livestock rearing is one of the main sources of income of the local people.Although,fodder/grass and grazing have banded by Parks, 62% of the respondents are collect fodder/grassboth from the farm land and park area. The demand of firewood of the people for the energypurpose did not fulfill by the Park. Sometimes, people steal the firewood and the fodder/grassfrom Park. The better way could be the creation of buffer zone which will provide the resources to the localpeople and help to minimize the present conflict. Moreover, the local people should be involvedin all level of conservation strategy.