Browsing by Subject "Victims"
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Item Familial Identity: An Oppressor and Victim in Long Day’s Journey into Night(Department of English, 2008) Niroula, Krishna PrasadO’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey into Nightis the portrayal of the fallen family of Tyrone which is struggling for its survival at the midst of family disputes but gains nothing and continually drowns in depression. All the family members in the play are frustrated, fragmented and alienated from the rest. Everyone in the play seems unhappy and puts the blames on others. It depicts the victimization of the family due to lack of co- operation, co-ordination and mutual responsibility. The Tyrone family, which once was close, has deteriorated over the years with numerous problems like Mary’s addiction to morphine, Tyrone’s, Jamie’s and Edmund’s alcoholism, Tyrone’s stinginess and stubborn nature, the boy’s recklessness and indifferent attitude towards work and money, and many other factors. No one bears responsibility for these problems, instead they accuse one-another and fight among themselves. They create many conflicts and counter conflicts that ultimately lead them towards chaotic realization of becoming victim brought by the self imposed principles. The more they want to escape from the bitter present the more they drown in the trap of struggling familial identity.Item Transitional justice process and the narratives of the victims of enforced disappearance in Nepal(Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Conflict, Peace and Development Studies, 2023) Sapkota, AnujaThe ten-year-long armed conflict between the Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist and the Government of Nepal ceased on November 21 st , 2006, after the underwriting of 'The Comprehensive Peace Agreement,'. The agreement emphasized the importance of establishing a transitional justice system within six months to provide an opportunity to address the grievances of those affected by more than ten years of armed conflict. The 'Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)' and the 'Commission on the Investigation of Disappeared Persons (CIEDP),' were established in August 2015 to help with the transitional justice process. Within six years of establishment of the two commissions, 60,000 TRC cases and 3,093 CIEDP cases were registered. In most of the peace agreements that formalized the transitional justice process, like the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2006 and the Interim Constitution in 2008, the parties to the conflict have made a commitment to address the needs of the conflict's victims. Currently, however, the entire Transitional Justice process in Nepal, is being criticized as being too top-down and state-driven, which raises the question of whether it will adopt a bottom-up approach in addressing the past to construct a more peaceful future or top-down approach as a tool to just get the peace process off the table. This research is an attempt to explore and capture the approaches of transitional justice in Nepal and the lived narratives of the families of disappeared persons in Nepal. The chapters in this thesis discuss the global to local approach of transitional justice approach through primary and secondary data collected for the research. Research adopted the qualitative approach with triangulation of interview, group discussion and narratives. The live narratives of the families of enforced disappeared persons are the focus of the study. Through the narratives, the research tries to bring out the struggle of the families, their need, the lack of trust towards the government and how important it is for them to deal with the past to create a sense of peace within themselves. The conceptual framework of this research focuses on the – ‘Dealing with the Past’ framework that encompasses four major elements: Right to Truth, Right to Justice, Right to Reparation and the Guarantee of Non-Recurrence, and its importance in dealing with the past after the atrocities or violent past to build a peaceful future. The families of enforced disappeared persons in Nepal are still in search of truth and justice from the concerned authorities and want the government to be accountable to deal with their problem with respect and sensitivity. They want transitional justice to be the utmost priority of the government without further delay.Item War Trauma in Nepali and Russian Stories: A Comparison and Contrast(Department of English, 2022) Sunar, AnjitaThis research has excavated the major theme of war trauma embedded in western and non-western literature, especially short stories. The main aim of this research is to identify the nature of war trauma, and also to relate war with trauma. The thesis has focused on what kind of manifestations of trauma are presented in the Nepali and Russian stories. Similarly, it has brought into light the traumatized characters through psychoanalytical and cultural perspectives of trauma. In doing so, it has taken two Nepali short stories, namely "Maoist in the Village" and "The Bond of Blood" and two Russian stories, "The Mother of a Traitor" and "The Fate of a Man" as the primary texts. While analyzing the causes and consequences of war trauma, the research has taken into account the life events of the characters and the circumstances they undergo. Furthermore, it shades light upon the overall traumatic framework of the stories through descriptive, interpretative and analytical approach in the research. Besides, it compares and contrasts between the stories written in these two different countries and contexts. It has taken references from different scholars’ ideas like; Cathy Caruth’s “Claimed and Unclaimed Experience”, Jeffrey Alexander’s “Cultural Trauma”, Laurie Vickroy’s “Trauma as a Social Theory” and Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic approach to authenticate the claims made. The contemplation over the stories through various versions of trauma theory discovers that trauma is a grim but unavoidable part of war.