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Item Dynamics of Fish Marketing System in Kalimati, Kathmandu, Nepal(2015-11) Saund, Rup Bahadur NirrapThe present study is based on a survey of Kathmandu, Kalimati fish marketing present status. The field survey done in between 2014-2015. This study investigated the casual relationship between transport, marketing and supplying problems. The determine and distribution channels were identified. Structural questionnaires were used to collect data from Kalimati fish market, handling charge were positive and significant at different level. Kalimati the 75% import in India and 25% fish in domestic and 2% out of total production of Nepal. The annual average growth rate is 4.86% and price is 5.51%. Daily demand in Kalimati fish market is 11.41MT. The 8 fish family found mostly cyprinidae family. Marketers should from a strong co-operative society. There is also need for providing license to increasing the fish marketing.Item GENERAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF SPOTTED DEER [Axis axis, Erxleben, 1777] AT MRIGASTHALI (DEER PARK), KATHMANDU, NEPAL.(Central Department of Zoology, 2015) Baral, NarayanThe Mrigasthali deer park, situated in the Pashupati World Heritage Site, at a distance on 5km, northeast of Kathmandu, Gaushala. The general behavior and management practices of the most attractive mammal spotted deer (Axis axis) at Mrigasthali deer park, Kathmandu, was studied by direct observation, survey, focal and scan sampling, questionnaire, interviews and discussion method to meet the objectives of the study. The field work was conducted between March 2014 to January 2015 to explore the general behaviour with diurnal activities and management practices in Mrigasthali. The social organization of the spotted deer were loose aggregation which could be changed by climatic, food and disturbances factor. The most common herds were mixed herds followed by female-fawn herd and breeding herds. The male herds, isolated male/female herds were occasionally seen. Spotted deer are true grazers and seasonal browser. They preferred supplementary food given by caretaker on feeding. Long range of vision, high capacity of escape and greater sensitivity and alertness towards danger were major defense measures from their predators. The adult and dominant male showed dominancy towards both territorial and sexual behaviour. The feeding was peaked up in the evening, they took rest under trees-shade during the mid-day of April. Feeding was the most common diurnal activity followed by walking, resting, alert and other activities like chasing, sparring, mounting, suckling etc. The management practices of spotted deer done in the Mrigasthali were fencing, water hole construction, plantation and non-palatable species removal. Therefore, provision of artificial water holes, expand area, increase plantation, effective implementation of facilities provided by PADT are the main recommendation of this study for the better management of the spotted deer in Mrigasthali. This study shows that by knowing general behavior of any species, management of the species can be enhanced