Impact of Foreign Employment and Remittance in Arunodaya, Bhimad Municipality-2, Tanahun

Abstract

Livelihood is defined as a set of activities, involving securing water, food, fodder, medicine, shelter, clothing and the capacity to acquire above necessities working either individually or as a group by using endowments (both human and material) for meeting the requirements of the self and his/her household on a sustainable basis with dignity. Remittances, the earning made by absentee whom they send to in many developing countries like Nepal. As the effect of remittance is both boom and bane for both the receiving and sending country, the present study has been carried in Arunodaya (Bhimad Municipality-2) of Tanahun district. The main objective of the study is to explore and analyze the socio- economic impacts of foreign employment and remittance and to find out whether the change brought by remittance is sustainable or substantial. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used for data collection. For quantitative method a sample survey was conducted and for qualitative focus group discussion and key man informant interview were conducted. A purposive sampling was conducted; key informant interview and snowball sampling was adopted in order to reach the respondent. Among them 50 respondents were selected as sample (N=50), comprising both returnee migrants and household members of which at least one member is currently migrating for work. All collected quantitative data were coded and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used to process data. From the present study, it showed that the majority of people engaged in foreign employment are from early age group. The poor among poorest has not access over foreign employment as they cannot manage money for migration. As remittance were used in family welfare such as education, food and health and also in modern tools and techniques for agriculture although, labor migration has increased work load for the female but it has played role in empowering them in various works such as property ownership and decision making. Foreign employment and labor migration have also created opportunities for employment for the labor who cannot afford to go for foreign employment also some returnee migrant labors have started using their skills, knowledge and experience in entrepreneurship in development and productive sectors by utilizing the remittance as investment. As it shows that the changes brought by foreign employment and remittance has sustainable influence rather than substantial. As the study reveals that the impacts of labor migration and remittance in the context of Nepal in general, Bhimad Municipality-2 of Tanahun district as study area.