Status of homestay tourism in nepal: A comparative study of homestay tourism of Bhada Tharu Homestay and Maghi Homestay Tharu Gaon in Kailali District

Abstract

The diverse landscapes and cultural diversity of Kailali district justifies its potential for tourism. Homestay tourism being one of the bases of tourism development, the only two formally registered homestays have been studied in the research. The comparison between Maghi Homestay and Bhada Homestay in Kailali district delves into a comprehensive study covering tourism products, regulatory compliance, the homestay's impact on socio-economic status, and the challenges and opportunities in homestay development. With the help of descriptive research design, the data thus collected by survey, interview, FGD and observation has been presented in analytical form. A comparative analysis of socio-economic information between Bhada Homestay and Maghi Homestay reveals some notable distinctions. Bhada Homestay, with an average household size of 11.84 (compared to Maghi Homestay's 7.73), reflects greater family involvement in hosting tourists. Both mainly have joint families, with Bhada at 76.92% and Maghi at 80%. Maghi Homestay boasts a higher percentage of economically active individuals (76% compared to Bhada's 66.23%), suggesting a larger labor pool for tourism activities. Bhada has a higher proportion of married individuals (82%) compared to Maghi (72%). Notably, Maghi has a significantly higher literacy rate at 93% (versus Bhada's 83.77%), potentially influencing communication and service quality. Both predominantly follow the Hindu religion. These socio-economic differences may impact their tourism strategies and guest experiences. Both homestays prioritize cultural, natural, and religious tourism offerings, providing visitors with the opportunity to experience authentic Tharu housing and cuisine. Maghi Homestay capitalizes on its advantageous location near Ghodaghodi Tal, Sita Kuwa, Lahadu rides, and Churia Hill, offering diverse natural attractions. Conversely, Bhada Homestay distinguishes itself through its cultural immersion activities and visits to the revered Shree Behada Baba temple, Lahadu rides, and an immersive Tharu cultural experience. The comparative analysis of homestay compliance regulations between Bhada Homestay and Maghi Homestay, reveals noteworthy distinctions. Bhada Homestay in preserving cultural architectural elements in its houses, achieving a 100% compliance rating in this category, whereas Maghi Homestay has not yet received ratings in this aspect due to ongoing house renovations. However, both homestays maintain a pest-free environment and provide primary health care facilities at 90% and 100% compliance, respectively. Additionally, they are committed to environmentally friendly tourism activities, conservation of tourism heritage, and the provision of public toilets and plantation initiatives, all achieving a 100% compliance rating. Overall, Bhada Homestay exhibits slightly better compliance in health, sanitation, and safety compared to Maghi Homestay, with a 5% margin. Despite more households in Bhada relying on homestay income, Maghi has been expanding its number of beds, while Bhada has been experiencing a decline in homestay interest. Both communities have improved their community perception, which has led to increased self-reliance, stronger social networks, and greater women's empowerment. Sanitation has also improved, resulting in a decrease in waterborne diseases. Incomes have risen; however, both spending and savings have also increased. Both homestays share some challenges in accessibility, electricity, communication, infrastructure, air pollution, and drinking water. Limited tourism offerings and misconceptions hinder growth. Bhada faces managerial and marketing issues, while Maghi deals with misconceptions and underutilized attractions. Maghi’s aim to enhance Ghodaghodi Lake for bird-watching, while Bhada's status as the first Terai homestay provides a unique advantage over one another. In summary, this research provides insights into Bhada and Maghi homestays, highlighting strengths, challenges, and growth potential. It underscores homestay tourism's positive impact and the need for compliance and marketing improvements to maximize its potential.