In migration and its social impacts: A case study of Uttarganga-8, Surkhet

Abstract

According to VDC office Uttarganga 2064 B.S. total households of Uttarganga-8 is 539 having 2730 people. Among them, 1469 people are male and 1261 are female. This study has selected only 135 households in which 359 are male and 315 are female as a sample migrated from different districts. People have migrated here in this study area due to previous conflict between Maoist and contemporary Government and for the search of employment and facilities. Specially, people from Jumla Kalikot and Dailekh have migrated. They have different social and cultural background. Due to heavy influx of migration (from different districts to the study area) has affected environment, economic, health, social and cultural aspects of the people. The migrated people celebrate various festivals according to their culture and tradition. They worship various god and goddess. The heavy influx of migration has created many problems likes robbery, prostitution, gambling, pollution, mental tension, problem of drinking water, management of disposal, degradation of agriculture land. Most in migrants are Chhetri. After then Brahmin and Thakuri have migrated. We can see also the migration of ethnic and untouchable castes. People of the study area have to depend on different income generating activities. Approximately half of the families have engaged in agriculture. Rest of the families depends on Government and private job, small business, cottage industries, animal husbandry, poultry farming, and daily wages and so on. Most of the in migrants are economically active population of 15-59 years. Only 12 people age of 60 over have migrated in the study area. People are building houses everywhere in scattered condition which decreasing arable land. People are facing various problems due to uncontrolled population. Public places are very dirty due to wastages. Limited natural resources are being lacked according to the population in the study area. No study has been done before in this subject. That’s why; this area has been selected for study so that every body will know the migration trend and its socio-economic impacts in destination place. Further more studies are necessary in the field of migration because it is becoming burning problem for the government. Political violence is also push factors of migration which is hindering the development of the country before some years so, Government, NGOs, INGOs and other organizations should make plans and policies and implement them which help to check the rapid migration and to reduce unemployment and social crimes and peace and good governance should be established in the country to check the rapid migration.