Present Perfect and Past Perfect Tense Used in Tharu and English Language

Abstract

The Thesis entitled “Present Perfect and Past Perfect Tense Used in English and Tharu Language” has been prepared to fulfill the requirements of the Master’s Degree in English Education. The specific objective of the research is to identify, compare and contrast the present perfect and past perfect tenses in Tharu and English language. .The researcher has used the stratified random sampling procedures and 50 native speakers of Tharu language were selected as informants from Shivasatakshi and Buddhasanti Municipality of Jhapa district. A set of structured questionnaire was used as the tool for the research. The result of the research from the collected data found out that there are equal numbers of Tense in both languages. But tense markers are different in both languages. The present and past tense marker in English are the auxiliary verbs: has/ have and had respectively. But in Tharu language “ne” is used in both present and past tense and the tense markers are /e/ and /lie/ respectively. They come with copula /chi/ and /chhe/. The sentence structures of both languages are also different. In English language the structure of the sentences are SVO form but in Tharu language the structure of the sentences are SOV form. The similar thing is that like English language past, present and future tenses found in Tharu language. In present tense /e/, /hi/ and /ai/ is use for first, second and third person respectively. Likewise/bai/, /bihi/ and/tai/ mark future tense. Accordingly /lie/, /lihi/and/kai/is used as past marker. This research consists of five chapters. The first chapter- Introduction deals with general background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research question, significance of the study, delimitation of the study and operation definition of the key terms. The second chapter- Review of the related literature and theoretical framework deals with the review of the theoretical literature, Review of Empirical literature, Implication of the review for the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter includes-Methods and the procedures of the study, the design of the study, population and sample,

Sampling procedures, Data collection tools, Data collection procedures and Data analysis and Interpretation procedures. The fourth chapter – Analysis and Interpretation of results- presents the result of the study and Discussion of the various issues of the Tharu and English language. The fifth chapter- Conclusion and Recommendation- presents Summary and Conclusion that suggests some Implications which is followed by some reference and appendices.