Human Wildlife Conflict in The Buffer Zone of chitwan National Park (A Case Study of Bharatpur Metropolitan City)

Abstract

The study entitled Human Wildlife Conflict in Buffer Zone of Chitwan National Park Nepal-(A case study of Bharatpur Metropolitan City) was carried out in the year 20172019

for the study of field problems and mitigation measures. The study area was Bharatpur Metropolitan city ward no.6,13,22,23 which lies in the western part of Chitwan National Park.Among these wards also our study focused on the border area of the chitwan national park and buffer-zone forests.250 household of four wards were selected for the survey.Research methodology(RM) used for the study was field visit,questionnaire survey. Human wildlife conflict were observed in the area near or attached to the park.Crop and livestock depredation were the major problems found during the study period.Among wildlifes,Ninemajor faunas are regarded as the most conflict carrier. Conflict caused by Monkey was very highin every sites.The crops and livestock depredation was mainly caused due Rhino,Elephant,wild-boar,monkey,porcupine, rats and wild Birds.The major reason behind the conflict can be detected as the border encroachment by Human settlements and the grazing of livestock’s Freely in the park area. The human casualty by wildlife was mainly caused by tiger,rhino,elephant etc.The common fauna that causes huge the crops as well as human lives is elephant,tiger and rhino.The survey of 250 households showed up that there was total economic loss of Rs.22,09,270 in the area of four wards.The average loss of each household in ward no.6 is Rs.3320 and Ward no 13 is 8005.58,ward no 22 is 15560.22 and ward no 23 is Rs.12752.42.Paddy was the most affected crop in that area with the yearly loss of Rs.12,77,200.The human casualty by wildlife were found 9 several cases by Tiger,Rhino and Elephant,where two were fatal conflict. Human wildlife conflict exists in all wards but the intensity,types and species is different.Various intervention methods were used by farmers .Thet effectiveness was found at shouting,chasing with fire and heavy lights.I recommend to use the permanent fencing in the most affected areas and to increase the sense of conservation,compensation policy should be reformed and the ratio of amount loss and compensataion paid should be increased.