Study on Drinking Water Quality of Kathmandu and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Isolates
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Authors
Kafle, Prashanna Raj
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Department of Microbiology
Abstract
The bacteriological and physico-chemical analysis of the drinking water is veryimportant as it is directly related to the health of the people. This effort to assessdrinking water quality was performed during the period of March 2005 toJanuary 2006. It was carried out in water quality laboratory of Nepal watersupply corporation, Bansbari.
During the study period a total of 100 water samples were randomly collectedfrom treatment plant, wells, stone spouts and public taps of Kathmandu Valley.Out of these, 72% of sample showed presence of total coliforms and 62%contained fecal coliforms, that exceed the WHO permissible level for drinkingwater. As well, other indicator and pathogenic bacteria were detected, the percentage of which are as: Escherichia coli 44%, Enterobacter spp. 26%,Klebsiellaspp.22%,Salmonellaspp. 5%, and Shigellaspp. 3%.
Simultaneously, physico-chemical parameters were also analyzed. Majority ofthe samples showed values within WHO standard limit for drinking water. Thevalues for appearance, p
H
, iron, ammonia were found above permissible level in the percentage range 10%, 10%, 20%, and 25% respectively.
Isolated bacteria were also tested for antibiotic susceptibility patterns. The result showed Tetracycline 90% sensitive, Chloramphenicol 100% sensitive,Ampicillin 100%, resistant, Of loxacin 80% sensitive and Cephalexin 90%resistant. Frequency of multiple-antibiotic resistant (MAR) against antibiotics with in species are as:E. coli20%,Enterobacterspp.12%,Citrobacterspp.5%,Klebsiellaspp.20% and Salmonellaspp. 25%.