Design and Analysis of Dual Band Microstrip Antenna with Fractal Swastika Slot using Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

Microstrip antennas are low profile, simple, inexpensive and versatile enough to cover many LTE bands as well as WiMAX, Bluetooth and WLAN. Fractal swastika slot is introduced to rectangular patch to improve the performance of antenna and make operational for multiple frequency band. The return loss of antenna is optimized by varying the slot size using genetic algorithm. The dual band microstrip patch antenna with fractal swastika slot is designed and simulated in High frequency Structural simulator (HFSS) software. As a result, the optimized length L and thickness D of slot size are 8 mm and 0.42 mm respectively. The designed antenna can be operated at the frequency of 2.4 GHz and 4.7 GHz. The results shows that the performances of purposed antenna are improved in terms of return loss, VSWR, bandwidth and gain whose values are -20.16 dB, 1.21, 140MHz and 1.74 dBi respectively for resonance frequency 2.4 GHz and -20.61 dB, 1.20, 240 MHz and 2.4dBi respectively for resonance frequency 4.7 GHz. Whereas the return loss, VSWR, bandwidth and gain of reference antenna are -14.14 dB, 1.45, 80 MHz, 1.38 dBi at resonance frequency 2.4 GHz and that of -13.03 dB, 1.57, 160 MHz and 0.87 dBi. The return loss is improved by 37%, VSWR is reduced by 0.24, bandwidth is increased by 50% and gain is improved by 26 % as compared to the reference antenna. The effect of changing slot size is also observed and formulated. The purposed antenna can be applicable for different wireless applications near around 2300-2500 MHz and 4600-.4900 MHz frequency bands.