Study on Production and Viability of Encapsulated bradyrhizobium Japonicum and their effect on vigna Unguiculata

Abstract

Rhizobiuma nitrogen fixing bacteria is the essential feature of leguminous plants.Increased cultivation of legume is essential for the restoration of nutrient deficient soil. This study was aimed to isolate, identify, mass culture and immobilize Rhizobium in encapsulated form and test their viability effect on the Vignaunguiculata.The nitrogen fixing Rhizoium was taken from the root nodules of the plant Glycine max.Root nodules were collected from the soybean plant planted at the pot at rooftops of house at Putalisadak and they were sterilized, grinded and cultured aseptically in YEMA media containing Congo red. The obtained colony were selected and sub-cultured to get the pure culture of Rhizobium. Different biochemical tests as catalase production, pH tolerance test, NaCl tolerance test,Penicillin resistance test and nodulation test were conducted which proved the Bradyrhizobiumj aponicumas the slow growing species.The test showed positive result of catalase production test and nodulation test whereas the pH tolerance tests howed more tolerance to the acidic pH and no tolerance of alkaline pH.Similarlyresult showed that Bradyrhizaobium japonicumcan tolerate1% and 2% NaCl concentration and it is less resistance to the penicillin disc of 10mg. The massculture and encapsulation with sodium algin ate and adding sucrose as nutrient proved the simplicity for handling. It also resulted that altogether 548 beads can be prepared from the 100 ml of the cultured broth and these beads are viable for more than six months. The beads were viable for 190 days and more at 1%,2%and 3% sucrose concentration but they were viable only for 145 days at 5% and 10% sucrose concentration.There is the significant difference in the shoot length of Vigna unguiculata in Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculated samples and the un-inoculated samples.