BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MILK SOLD IN KATHMANDU AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF Staphylococcus species ISOLATED FROM MILK
Date
2022-08-08
Authors
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Publisher
Amrit Campus
Abstract
Milk is a rich source of nutrients. Milk –borne pathogenic bacteria pose a serious
threat to human health. Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria
monocytogenes with Escherichia coli and Campylobacter are the main microbial
hazards associated with contaminated milk. Therefore, it can cause milk borne
diseases like scarlet fever, Brucella, diphtheria typhoid etc. This study was conducted
to assess and compare microbial quality of raw milk and pasteurized milk and also
determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus species isolated from
milk sample consumed in Kathmandu. For this, 30 milk samples (15 raw milk and 15
pasteurized) were collected from different location of Kathmandu district. Total Plate
Count and Total Staphylococcus Count for each sample were determined by pour
plate technique. While for isolation of Staphylococcus species, samples were isolated
by using selective media (MSA) and characterized by biochemical test. Antibiotic
susceptibility testing of isolates was carried out by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion
method. Total bacterial count of all raw milk samples were within the range while for
TBC of pasteurized milk 93% were within the range. 17 Staphylococcus species were
isolate from TSC. Among them 15 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus. 17
Staphylococcus species were 100% sensitive to Cotrimoxazole, Amikacin and
Levofloxacin but resistant to Penicillin G (100%),Ceftriaxone (52.92%), Tetracycline
(17.68%), Cefoxitin (23.58%), Ampicillin (76.82%) Ciprofloxacin (17.68%) and
Chloramphenicol (11.79%). 3(17.68%) of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw
milk samples showed multi-drug resistance and 4(23.58%) MRSA were detected. It is
concluded that the milk produced by small scale farm from different places of
Kathmandu district are not of quality and can be potential source of milk-borne
infection. It is recommended that routine assessment of microbial quality of milk
should be done for the safeguard of consumer health.
Description
Keywords
Antibiotic susceptibility testing, Staphylococcus species, Total Staphylococcus Count, Multi-drug resistant