Antifungal effects of some plant essential oils against Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. and Aspergillus niger van Tiegh. from grapes
Date
2015
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Abstract
The essential oil of six plants viz. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng., Eucalyptus citriodora
Hook., Artemisia indica Willd., Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl., Cinnamomum
tamala (Buch.-Ham.) Nees and Eberm and Lantana camara L. were assessed in vitro
for the antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. and Aspergillus
niger van Tiegh., causing postharvest rots in grapes. The test fungi were isolated from
infected grapes obtained from local markets. The essential oils were extracted through
hydro distillation process using Clevenger oil extracting apparatus. For screening of
antifungal activity treatments at concentration of 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 µl/ml and
controls were set to determine percentage inhibition of mycelial growth of two test
fungi using poisoned food technique. All the tested oils exhibited significant antifungal
effect (P<0.05) over tested fungi. Among all six essential oils, Cinnamomum camphora
showed the most effective antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger which inhibited
the mycelial growth by 81.58 % and 100 % at 20 and 80 µl/ml oil concentration
respectively. Furthermore, Cinnamomum tamala showed best antifungal effect in
controlling Alternaria alternata among all six oils which inhibited the mycelial growth
by 93.11 % at 20 µl/ml and by 100 % at 80 µl/ml oil concentrations.
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Keywords
Antifungal effects, Plant essential oils