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Recent Submissions
State of Foreign Labour Migration in Western Hill of Nepal: A Case Study of Baitadi
(2025) Manahari Dhakal; Prabin Prakash Bista
This study explores the impact of remittances on rural women's empowerment,
highlighting their financial independence, decision-making roles, and social
participation. Remittances have significantly improved household income, enabling
women to manage finances, invest in businesses, and contribute to family well-being.
However, challenges persist, including societal gender norms, emotional stress due to
family separation, and limited local employment opportunities. The study emphasizes
the need for enhanced financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, and policy
interventions to maximize the benefits of remittances. By addressing these challenges,
remittances can serve as a catalyst for long-term empowerment, fostering economic
stability and gender equality in rural communities.
Keywords: Women Empowerment, equality, remittance, decision making
Farmers' perceived knowledge and practices on climate change adoptation: a study of panchkhal municipality -3 Kavrepalanchok, Nepal
(2025) kathyat, Nanda Kumari; Ramesh Neupane
Climate change poses significant threats to Nepal‘s agricultural sector, particularly in
vulnerable regions like Panchkhal Municipality. Despite minimal contributions to
global greenhouse gas emissions, Nepal faces severe climate impacts, necessitating
robust adaptation strategies. This study assesses farmers' knowledge, practices, and
challenges in adapting to climate change in Panchkhal Municipality-3,
Kavrepalanchok, focusing on their vulnerability and the effectiveness of adaptation.
The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining household surveys and
semi-structured interviews with 108 farmers selected through stratified random
sampling. Primary data was collected via structured questionnaires, while secondary
data was sourced from government reports, academic journals, and climate policy
documents. The study is grounded in Agriculture Transformation Theory, Integrated
Farming Systems, and the Cultural Theory of Risk theories which collectively analyze
technological, ecological, and socio-institutional dimensions of adaptation.
Key findings reveal that farmers predominantly rely on digital platforms (42.6%) and
traditional media (38%) for climate information. Major challenges include soil
fertility loss (36.1%), erratic rainfall (21.3%), and high input costs (93.5%). While
75.9 percent of farmers reported experiencing extreme weather, adaptation practices
remain limited, with only 29.6 percent adopting crop diversification and 21.3 percent
dependent on chemical inputs. Institutional support is heavily state-centric, with 86.1
percent of farmers relying on govt. programs, yet coordination and resource allocation
remain weak.
The study concludes that despite awareness of climate risks, farmers' adaptive
capacity is constrained by financial barriers, insufficient technical training, and
fragmented governance. Recommendations include implementing climate-smart
agriculture policies, enhancing localized weather forecasting, and strengthening
public-private partnerships to promote resilient farming practices. Local governments
should prioritize irrigation infrastructure and community-based adaptation
committees, while I/NGOs and cooperatives can facilitate knowledge-sharing and
gender-inclusive programs. These measures are critical to reducing vulnerability and
ensuring sustainable agricultural livelihoods.
Ethics beyond the Human ; A post-humanist reading of lan McEwan's machines like me
(2025) Giri, Manisha; Laxman Bhatta
This research analyzes the ethical, societal, and relational consequences of artificial intelligence in Ian McEwan’s Machines Like Me through a post-humanist perspective. Utilizing Rosi Braidotti’s post-anthropocentric ethics, alongside insights from Donna Haraway, the study investigates how the novel questions conventional ideas of moral agency and human superiority. By employing textual analysis, it
examines the moral capabilities of humanoid robots, focusing on their emotional intelligence and capacity for independent decision-making. The results indicate that McEwan regards AI as subjects of ethical importance, which aligns with Braidotti’s perspective on non-human agents as members of an extended moral community. The novel encourages a reevaluation of legal accountability, interpersonal relationships,
and ethical standards in a society that is rapidly advancing technologically, providing important literary insights into modern debates surrounding AI.
Key words: Ethics Dilemma, Humanoids, Post-Humanism, Artificial Intelligence,
Identity, Morality