Browsing by Subject "Child Labour"
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Item Child Labour Condition in Hotel, Restaurant and Tea Shop (A Case Study of Lagankhel, Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan City, Lalitpur, Nepal)(Faculty of Rural Development,, 2008) Khadka, Samser BahadurThe existence of child labor is not a new phenomenon. Children are found to be engaged in almost all the sectors of employment. In Nepal, poverty,illiteracy, ill-health and unemployment are the prevailing factors which are affecting each and every sector of human life. The economics of human development suggest that human factor is the main factor of the development and investment in children as a principal means of breaking out poverty syndrome. Only the healthy upbringing of the children can safeguard the healthy development of the country. Therefore, child should be protected from all forms of social, economic and cultural exploitation and discrimination. But millions of children are forced to join labor force due to poverty, illiterate natural calamities etc. This study is based on child laborers employed in hotels, restaurants and tea shops in Lagankhel Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan City. The objectives of the study are, to study socio-economic condition, to identify the root causes of child labor and to examine the present working condition. Both primary and secondary data and various research techniques have been used. Both the quantitative and qualitative information have been collected from the field survey, 50 child laborers under the age of 16 years were interviewed on the basis of random sampling techniques. There were 35 boys and 15 girls. The laborers are found to have come from 10 different districts of Nepal. Out of 50 respondents child laborers, 70 percent are boys and 30 percent are girls.Majority of child laborer (56%)have their both parents alive. Main occupation of 58 percent respondent is agriculture, 26 percent are domestic service for their survival. Most of the child laborers used to do farming at home before leaving for child labor. All of the child laborers have their own house. In education status, 34 percent children are illiterate and 60 percent are literate.Out of the literate children 63.64 percent have attend primary level V of education. The major reason found not joining or dropping out from schoolis the poverty. Most of the respondents reported that they are interested to study in future, if somebody helps them. Majority of the child laborers 78% have insufficient land to feed their family.Majority of the child laborers 64% left home due to family poverty. Child laborers involved in hotels, restaurants and tea shops are found working for along hour of day. They are compelled to do all kinds of work such as cooking,cleaning tables/floors, washing plates and glasses, servicing. 74 percent child laborers do not get off time. A considerable proportion of child laborers 34%came to the city with their relatives, 18 percent parent, also 30 percent with middleman and 12 percent came self desire. 42 Percent of children expressed their satisfaction with their present working life and 58 percent child laborers expressed they aren't satisfied with current job because of hard work, low wage and not good employer. They are working still because of poverty, not getting other proper job. All of the children engaged in this sector, get low wages but also get free food and lodging facilities. Almost of the child laborers worked at hotels, restaurants and tea shops for financial support to their family. 22.86 percent of child laborers were not suffering from any kind of disease. 77.14 percent children suffered from headache, fever and cough. At that time most of them are helped by the employer and some of them help by their friends. All of the child laborers want to convey the message, “Don’t work like us”.Item Child Labour in Brick Kiln Industries: A Case Study of Rupandehi District(Department of Population Studies, 2006) Thapa, Jhalak BahadurBrick Kiln is one of the major area which exploits huge amount of child labour.Specially, working in these industries is the most hazardous and life threatening to children. The present study "Child Labour in Brick Kiln Industries: A case study of Rupandehi district" is an effort to highlight and report on the plight of child workers in Brick kilns. This study presents the background profile of children working in Brick kilns and their family. The study analyzes gender and caste/ethnic variation, the working condition and environment in Brick kilns as well as related hazards faced by them and children's perceptions on their work and earning and incidence of harassment. This study has utilized both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection.The survey sites are selected on the basis of purposive sampling method and all the child workers under 18 years of age from of seven Brick kilns selected in Rupandehi district are interviewed using structural questionnaire. Additional information has been drown taking some case studies of child workers and interview with key informants working in seven selected brick kiln industries of Rupandehi district. Actually, brick kiln industries are operated in October/November to May/June in a season. Most of the children and adult workers in the sebirck kilns of Rupandehi district are recruited by middlemen (Naike/Mistri) given wage in peace rate. They come to work for earning to Brick kilns of Rupandehi district seannally and their lives remains just like the story of Sisyphus. They perform in kiln as brick moulding, carrying raw brick from field to chimney and take bricks from chimney to pile and loading trucks with bricks.During survey period, altogether 100 child labourers aged under 18 years are identified working in these seven selected Brick kilns among 32 brick factories altogether of Rupandehi district.Among these boys 54 outnumbered girls 46. In terms of age majority of child workers 53% are in the age group (15-17) where as a significant proportion of child workers fall in less than (10-11%) and (10-14) years of age (36%). The average age is found as 13.7 years for child renworking in Brick kilns. The large majority of children enter this work either coming with their parents/guardianor friends and middlemen. Most of the children come from out side of this district. Specially,Rautahat, Mahattari, Dang, Sarlahi, Dhanusa, Nawalparasi, Kapilbastu and Hill district. Only22% of children are found from local area. (Rupandehi district). And, 28% workers fare from Indian districts Rachi/Bihar, Majority of child workers are from Tharu/Machhiyar, Lodha/Muraw and Indian caste/ethnic group. It indicates some what social deprivation and exclusim. Though three fourth of children have both their parents alive and together, where as g.a significanztproportion of children are identified having single parents and even parents. A significant proportion of child are landless and three fourth of the child worker srevealed their family indebtedness bout half (47%) of the working children are reported to beilliterate. Most of all children including adult laboures working in Brick kilns live in stuffy zthatched huts along the premise of the factory. They are deprived of electricity and toilet facilities as well as balanced and nutrious food. Though, it is hard work, almost three fourth of the child workers surveyed work in Brick kilns till more than 8 hours per day. Actually, they are paid some money every week for their fooding and expenses and find payment is made at the end of the season. Being risky and hazardous work for children they encounter with various injuries/accidents and illness during working period in Brick kilns. But, they are not provided medical expense. In the other hand, they are extremely harassed and abused by middleman,manager/supervisor as well as adult workers of the factory. Majority of child workers are dissatisfied with their earnings and current work. They cited hard and hazardous work as the main reason for not satisfying with this work followed by low wage. It is observed that extreme household poverty is the contributing factor for migration of children and engaging in Brick kilns. In addition lack of work opportunity in off form season at origin, arrival of parents in Brick kilns and abusive behaviour of step parents also enforce to be engaged in such a child labour. The complete elimination of child labour from this sector is a great national challenge for future because children deprive of physical, mental, social and moral development engaging in such an intolerable farms of child labour.Item Child Labour in Domestic Affairs: A Case Study of Jorpati-6, Kathmandu, Nepal(Department Of Sociology, 2008) Chapagai, PratimaNot availableItem Child Labour in Hotel, Restaurant and Tea shops (A Case Study of Child Labour in Kathmandu City)(Department of Rural Development, 2012) Dhakal, Hari KrishnaThe study of child labour in hotel, restaurant and tea shops is based on Kathmandu district in various hotel, restaurant and tea shops. Child labour is a social and widespread problem of Nepal. Hotel, restaurant and tea shops work is the visible and hazardous forms of child labourers, where it is common in the urban area of Nepal.The study concerns with the child labourers engaged in hotel, restaurant and teashopsin Kathmandu city especially New Bus Park. The study draws the information mainlyabout the socio-economic, working and health condition and root causes of child labourers in hotel, restaurant and tea shops and problem faced by them. This study is mainly based on primary data collection from New Bus Park at Kathmandu city, using purposive sampling technique. The number of child labour ersinter viewed is 127, and the secondary data were taken from references, books etc. The collected primary data are analyzed by using the SPSS software. This study includes 127 child labour of 5 - 17 years age from different hotel,restaurant and tea shops where the total respondent is 127 with 110 male and 17 female. This study found that almost all(97.6%) of the respondents were literate and only 2.4 percent were illiterate. More than half(54.4%)of the respondents were left school due to poverty. Majority of child labour(55.1%) left home for work due tofamily poverty. Majority of child labourers(61.4%)work 10-12 hours a day. Out oftotal respondent, 2.4 percent have not their own house. The study has found that extreme poverty,unemployment,domestic quarrel which are the root cause of child migration and engaged in hazardous working condition. They are extremely exploited/mistreated in their working place, economically, physically and mentally by their owner/clients etc.Item Child Labour in Hotel, Restaurantand Tea Shopof Pyuthan Municipality,Pyuthan District(Department of Rural Development, 2017) Shrestha, Dhan LaxmiABSTRACT A thesis conducted inChild Labour in Small Hotel,Restaurant and Teashop of PyuthanMunicipality Pyuthan District. The main objectives of the study to find out the socioeconomic condition of the child labours in small hotels , restaurant and tea shop This studyon child labours in small hotel restaurant and tea shops is the outcome of field surveyconducted in words of Pyuthan municipality of Pyuthan district. The present study covers 35child labours of hotel and restaurant & tea shops. The small hotel, restaurant & tea shop workis one of the most visible and hazardous forms of child lassoer. Both qualitative andquantitative data home been used in this study taking 35 respondents (child labour) bypurposive sampling procedure. About 40% belonged to age group between below 12 years and 60 percent of the totalchildren belong to below 13 to 15 only. So, the maximum number of child labours was fromage group13 to 15 years. 14.28% female child labours working in sampled hotel andrestaurantsand 85.71 percent were boys. 35 respondents come from various ethnic/ castegroup. Among these are Thapa, Magar, Gurung, Pun Magar, Bista, Kshetri, Bishwokarma,Nepali, GhartiMagar, Kumal, Sunar, etc. They were bound to work because of poverty. Outof the total respondents 20 percent of them left their house due to hard life in the village. Inpercent of the children migrate from their house due to ill treatment by their parents. 20percent of child labours family income were sufficient for survival, 28.57 percent childlabour's family income just sufficient for survival. Lack of economic opportunities, low agriculture productivity, lack of alternative incomesources, hard life, illiteracy,death of parents and poverty were the major push factors forthese ethnic groups to leave their ancestral place and join in the hotels and restaurants fortheir survival.Item Child Labour in Hotels / Restaurents and Local Tea Shops (A Case Study of Damak Municipality, Jhapa)(Department of Population Studies, 2006) Neaupane, Kamal PrasadEmploying the children in Hotels/ Restaurants and Local tea shops for labour is common in the urban areas of Nepal which hinders the future of the children. The present study concerns withthe Child labours employed in Hotels / Restaurants and Local tea–shops of Damak Municipality of Jhapa District. The present study draws the information mainly about the socio-economic condition of children working in Hotels / Restaurants and Local tea – shops, their working condition and problems faced by them. Different research methodologies have been used to achieve the main objectives of this study. Although the nature of this study is of exploratory very little is known about the working condition of child labour. This study on child labours in Hostels / Restaurants and local tea shops o fDamak Municipality of Jhapa District, which is located in the eastern part of the country. Different types of quantitative and qualitative data and information have been collected and analyzed in this study. Primary data were labours of Hotels / Restaurants and Local tea–shop during field visit. In this qualitative analysis of this available data is done. Existing rules and regulations,available documents and studies related to the child labour were reviewed. The nature of this study is basically descriptive and exploratory. Simple Statistical tools like measure of percentage have been used to present data, which have enabled to present a Scenario of the reveling condition of child labour. The child employed in Hotels/Restaurants and local teashops in common in the study area.Most of the child labours were migrant. The child laboures come from almost all parts of the country having their origin in terms of development region, representing almost all castes and ethnic groups. Majority of the respondents had one of their parents. About half of the children are of age group 10-14 years. About 64 percent of child laboureers come from the family without own land. Those children who come from the family without land (36percent) have insufficient for the survival. Most of the child labours had worked previously indifferent sectors. About 41 percent of children come from the agriculture family by their occupation. Majority of children and their parents seem to deprived of education. About61 percent of children are illiterate. Nearly 46 percent of child labour had left the school due to poverty, 26percent had left school due to death of parents, 14 percent due to negligence of and 7 percent due to personal will. Extreme household poverty is the leading cause for being child labour, however the reare also other immediate cause such as death of earning family members, failed in school, peerpressure and growing consumerism. All the child labour was found working on temporary basis and in lowsalary basis. The study shows that majority of child labours support their family. Almost 4 all the child laboures work more than 12 hours per day. Among them 5 percent work less than 8hours, 18 percent were for 8-11 hours, 77 percent work for more then 12hours per day. Most of the child labours got same food as employer but 25 percent take different but sufficient. More than 50percent of child labour was found that they had suffered from some sort of diseases in the past. The reasons for the dissatisfaction of the child labour was found to be low salary to much work, no of ftime, scolding by employer etc. Where as the existing law does not allow to employ the children for working more than 6 hours per day.Item Child Labour in Hotels and Restaurants (A study of working children in Belbari and Biratchowk of Morang District)(Department of Population Studies, 2011) Subedi, SagarThe study of the Child Labour in Hotel and Restaurant is based on Belbari and Biratchowk of Morang District. Child labours of Belbari and Biratchowk have not been studied up to now by any aspect. There are many socio-economic problems related to child labors. The objectives of the study is to identify the demographic and socio- economiccondition of the child labors. This study includes the 90 child labors from the 50 hotels and restaurants of Belbari andBiratchowk of Morang District. Among them 46.66 percent are boys and rest 53.34 percentare girls. Most of child labors are from Dhimal community. 80 percent working children attended school and 20 percent reported that they had not attended the school. In this study 56.66 percent of working children are involved in age group 9-12 years. While only 16.66percent involved from age group 13-15. Remaining 26.66 percent are from age group 5-8years which is interesting forresearch. Almost most of the children at hotels and restaurants have got the facilities of fooding,lodging and light healthcare facilities from the employer. So, it is recommended to the government and stakeholder organizations that working children are provided minimum level of facilities such as attending schools, fix wages of certain work and medical check up.Item Child Labour in Nepal (A Study of Micro-Bus Conductors in Kathmandu Valley)(Central Department of Sociology and Anthropology, 2013) Mishra, Mithilesh KumarNot AvailableItem Child Labour in Small Restaurant/Tea Shop (Hotel) (A Study of Kirtipur Municipality Area) Kathmandu(Department of Anthropology, 2007) Dahal, Bipin KumarNot availableItem Child Labour Situation in Hotels and Restaurants (A Case Study of Prithivi Highway, Dhading District)(Department of Population Studies, 2011) Shrestha, Bishnu KumarAvailable with Full textItem Child Labour Situation in Mushar Community (A Case Study of Bishahariya VDC of Saptari)(Department of Population Studies, 2012) Jha, PraveshChild labour is a major universal social problem. The form of child labour ranges from domestic work to the industrial work prevailing in all developed and developing countries of the world. Child labour, a source of cheap labour is in high rate in countries like Nepal where a major part of population depends on agriculture. Using the data collected from child labours, this study attempts the status of Mushar child labour existing in Bishahariya VDC of Saptari district. The objectives of this study were to examine the background characteristics of child labour along with finding the causes and working status of child labour. It is based on the primary data collected from the interview of 132 child labour respondents (72 males and 60 females) selected by purposive sampling. In this study child labours interviewed were from age 8 years to 14 years with majority of children of age 13-14 years. Most of the child labours interviewed were found to work in brick kiln and agriculture sector either seasonally, occasionally or regularly. Most of them were found to work seasonally which may be due to the reason that brick kiln and agricultural works run only in certain seasons. Working hour of these children varied from less than 5 hours to 10-12 hours a day. Majority of respondents were found to work for 5-8 hours a day. Their salaries also varied between Rs. 1000-5000 per month with majority of respondents getting salary between Rs. 2000-3000 per month. Perception about their work showed that about 89 percent of them are satisfied with their job while 11 percent were not satisfied. The dissatisfaction due to low wage was about 47 percent. Mostly the children who work contributed to their family’s income. Most of them contribute to buy food along with supporting to pay back debt of family and paying school fees. Analysing the reason of work, majority of them had debts in their family which shows their poor economic condition. The actual reason for child labour was found to be poverty along with debt problems on them. Keywords: Child labour, Mushar, Caste discrimination.Item Situation Analysis of Domestic Child Labor in Butwal Municipality(Central Department of Sociology/Anthropology, 2009) Shrestha, GyanuNot AvailableItem Situation Analysis of Domesticchild Worker in Teenkunesubidhanagar Kathmandu Metropolitan City 35(Department of Sociology, 2009) Paudyal, Anitanot avalableItem Situation of Child Labour in Hotel and Restaurant (A Case Study of Mahendra Highway in Chitwan District)(Central Department of Sociology and Anthropology, 2013) Tiwari, RajendraNot AvailableItem Socio-Economic Condition of Child Labourers in hotel and Restaurants (A Case Study of Tribhuwan nagar Municipality of Dang)(Department of Population Studies, 2007) Gautam, Rameshnot availableItem Socio-Economic Condition Of Child Rag Pickers: A Study From Teku, Kathmandu(Department of Sociology, 2019-05) K.C., ManishaN/AItem Socio-Economic Condition of Domestic Child labourers in Nepal (A Case Study of Budhabare Vdc, Jhapa)(Department of population studies, 2010) Niraula, BinayaThe content of ‘child labour’ is currently prevailing issue of the world and there aremillion of children trapped into different nature of worst / hazardous form of child labourin various regions. It has significant percent in developing countries like SouthAsian,mid and West African and other Latin American countries. Many of the studies havecleared that South Asian region is core area of prevailing child labour. Nepal is one of thedeveloping countries and lies between two most populous countries of theworld. Thereare much more practices of child labour from the ancient period of time. ILO-IPEC hasdesigned a TBP to eliminate all forms of child labour by the year 2014 in jointcooperation of Nepal Government and its latest records shows such events arediminishing, even though, there are no significant study on the context of domestic childlabourers. This dissertation has focused on socio-economic and demographic condition of selected115 domestic child labourers residing in Budhabare Village Development Committeeusing convenience sampling method. It has tried to find out the socio-economicconditions of domestic child labourers causes of being domestic child labourers, workingrelationship with employers and other matters concerning with their future. About 76 percent child labourers are below the age of 15 years. The dominance ofBrahmin and Chhetri could be seen in numbers of children with 44.3 percent in total.Half of domestic child labourers are compelled to leave their home due to poverty andmost of them fall in the age group 10-14, who started to work as domestic childlabourers. The large number of child labourers performs the task of dishwashing.Majority of children get better food in the employers’ house with compared to their ownhouses.None of them are dropped out from the school but facing the problems of heavyworkloads as well as irregularity in classes and also insufficient time for homework andinsufficient educational materials.Item Socio-Economic Status of Child Labour (A Case Study of Children Working in Micro-Bus in Kirtipur Municipality)(Department of Rural Development, 2011-07) Kuinkel, SrijhanaNot AvailableItem Socio-Economic Status of Child Labour (A Case Study of Micro Bus Helpers in Kathmandu Valley)(Faculty of Population Studies, 2011) Khadka, BinodNot AvailableItem Socioeconomic Condition of Hotel Child Labour (working at Small Hotels/Restaurant and Teashop in Janakpur)(Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Sindhuli Multiple Campus, 2012) Mandal, DhanrajNot Available