Browsing by Subject "Exploitation"
Now showing 1 - 16 of 16
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Commodification of Human Values in Oscar Wilde’s Selected Stories(Central Departmental of English, 2019) Acharya, NareshIn selected stories of Oscar Wilde: "The Devoted Friend," “The Model Millionaire,” "The Teacher of Wisdom" and “The Young King”, the researcher aims to show commodification of human values in the modern world utilizing the Marxist concept of commodification. Human value has been degrading gradually in the modern capitalist society due to influene of materialism. In all these selected stories human value has exchange meaning. Human sympathy, human emotions, and compassion are exchanged with material value. In the story "The Devoted Friend” Miller exploits and utilizes his friend Hana for material benefit. In “The Model Millionaire” money prevents marriage between Hugh Eriskine and Laura Merton. Laura's father asks 1000 pounds for marriage. In "The Teacher of Wisdom", teacher asks money with Millers but hesitates to teach well to his students. “The Young King”deals with the utility of power for the exchange value. The selected stories reflect the utilitarian mentality of people in modern capitalist society in which human value is exchanged with material benefits. Keywords: objectification, human value, exploitation, domination, equalityItem Critique of Capitalism in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath(Department of English, 2008) Sharma, Devendra PrasadEach society has its own socio-economic structure which has a direct impact on the lives of the people. In modern industrialized societies the economic system determines the relationship between the people as they are classified into owners and workers. The owners subdue the workers at various levels. As a result, the workers rebel and attempt to establish the world of their own, full of equality and justice. John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath depicts such struggle of working class people against the capitalist system.Item Discourse of Women Right Violation in the Novel Nathiya: A Critical Discourse Analysis(Department of English Education, 2023) Rai, BijayataAvailable with full textItem Failure of American Dream in Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men(Department of English, 2007) Kafle, Jiba NathJohn Steinbeck, in Of Mice and Men, represents two poor characters, George and Lennie, who are obsessed with the dream of prosperous life in which the dreamers may get freedom and pursuit of happiness by getting rid of poverty. They are representatives of American dream because they do have a hope that success is attainable if hard working is paid. To correlate their dream, Gorge and Lennie search for a "Promised Land". So, they make California a "Promised Land" where, by bucking barley, they have thought to reap their fortune. Instead, their entrance in the ranch of California cannot correlate their dream. They become failure to shape their dream because capitalist principle is ingrained in the ranch which exploits the workers.Item Female Domination in Bedi'sI Take This Woman(Department of English, 2021) Kathayat, Chet BahadurThis dissertation analyzes female domination in Rajinder Singh Bedi’s novel,I Take This Woman from the perspective of feminism. It helps to clarify the gender roles with belief that males are primary and females are secondary. Bedi challenges this notion by positioning the central female character, Rano. This novel raises the voices of secondary position of female, women violence and exploitation in the patriarchal society. This novel provides initiative of women in the formation of modern society which provides equal roles and position to males and females. This novel shows the real life style ofPanjabi village people of India where Rano is the main female character.The prime concern of this novel is to disrupt the traditional gender roles. The whole novel is an example of violence upon women. How the gangs of oppressors’ make the vulnerable situation to women in patriarchal society can be clearly seen in this novel. Bedi has used the satiric views as his weapon to subvert the existing belief of women violence. Through this novel Bedi has tried to challenge the male ideology of superiority and create equality male and female. Keywords:Male hegemony, domination, patriarchy, discriminatio, violence, exploitation, oppression, faminne, etc.Item Human Technology Versus Nature in Jules Verne’s The Master of the World(Department of English, 2018) Chaudhary, Pratimahis research explores how nature is exploited by man and how nature resists man's activities in return. It presents the human practices of ruling and controlling over nature is originated from Christian myth and encouraged by enlightenment thinking and advancement in science and technology. This research explores that technology and nature are against to each other. Human scientific activities are the cause of natural exploitation and manipulation. Natural resistance with its force is cause for destruction of human world. To illustrate these things, this research takes upon the symbolic representation of main protagonist intention to be the master of world with help of his machine and his death caused by natural force. To clarify technology against nature, the researcher draws a concept from ecocriticssuch as Greg Gerrard, Rob Bodice,Cheryl Gllotfelty,Lewis Walport and so on. By analyzing the natural territory before and after human encroachment with the help of technology, this research presents that human activities are source of natural exploitation as well as cause for destruction of the shelter ofthe several species including birds and animals. It points out that human anthropocentric view that prefers mastery over the world by using technology, leads natural resistance which is dangerous for human world. Therefore, it gives a message to human being to think about their activities and give up hostile view towards nature and mend their relations with nature. : Technology Key Words, Nature, Exploitation, Human activities, Natural resistance, DestructionItem Nature as an actor in Jon Krakauer's into thin air(Department of English, 2022) Thakulla, JagatThis research is an attempt to portray Jon Krakauer’s Into Thin Air from the perspective of ecocriticism where the notion of nature as an actor has been used. It analyzes the exploitation of Mt. Everest, and how the power of Mt. Everest challenges and changes the existing anthropocentric mindsets. It follows details from starting of Mt. Everest climbing to the impact of climbing on its climbers. In the beginning, it seems that climbers are getting victory over it. But, later on, their victory turns into defeat. The research questions the human-centered notions which valorize the excessive use and exploitation of nature. So, this memoir is representation of nature as an actor. Particularly, the ideas of Cheryll Glotfelty have been used. Overall, this paper attempts to extend the horizon of preservation, sustainability, and equal respect of nature which is the only way to save this earth and human beings including other species and its ecosystem. Key Words: Anthropocentrism, Exploitation, Actor, Ecocriticism, Preservation of NatureItem Politico-cultural Consciousness in Mahasweta Devi's The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh(Department of English, 2022) B.K., PradeepThis research explores the oppressive politico-cultural practices and consciousness of lower caste to oppose it in Mahasweta Devi's The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh (2003). As a renowned Bengali writer for marginal, Devi often reflects oppression of the elite and resistance of the oppressed people. As this notion, Devi has portrayed a harsh reality of then Hindu feudal society in which lower caste and class people face extreme exploitation of upper caste landlords. Characters from lower caste like Lachhima, Rukmani, Haroa, Dusad and Bhangi are living in the miserable condition with little or no property in the oppressive Hindu society, the Barha village. Finally,they jointly struggle against domination of the potent and authoritarian Hindu feudal ruling system after they perceive their socio-economic conditionand exploitation of the upper caste landlords, especially Ganesh Singh. For this idea, this research applies B.R. Ambedkar's Annihilation of Casteand ideas of Educate, Agitate, and Organize. Overall, the idea related with the caste consciousness and resistance has been framed as the theoretical insights. Key Words: Exploitation, Politico-cultural, Consciousness,Caste, ResistanceItem Politico-cultural Consciousness in Mahasweta Devi's The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh(Department of English, 2022) B.K., PradeepThis research explores the oppressive politico-cultural practices and consciousness of lower caste to oppose it in Mahasweta Devi's The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh (2003). As a renowned Bengali writer for marginal, Devi often reflects oppression of the elite and resistance of the oppressed people. As this notion, Devi has portrayed a harsh reality of then Hindu feudal society in which lower caste and class people face extreme exploitation of upper caste landlords. Characters from lower caste like Lachhima, Rukmani, Haroa, Dusad and Bhangi are living in the miserable condition with little or no property in the oppressive Hindu society, the Barha village. Finally, they jointly struggle against domination of the potent and authoritarian Hindu feudal ruling system after they perceive their socio-economic condition and exploitation of the upper caste landlords, especially Ganesh Singh. For this idea, this research applies B.R. Ambedkar's Annihilation of Caste and ideas of Educate, Agitate, and Organize. Overall, the idea related with the caste consciousness and resistance has been framed as the theoretical insights. Key Words: Exploitation, Politico-cultural, Consciousness, Caste, ResistanceItem The Politics of Autobiography: Personal as Political in Mary Wollstonecraft’s Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman(Department of English, 2016) Sharma, PranishaThis research work examines how Mary Wollstonecraft’s Maria remains personal and serves for political implication. It tries to inspire all the women to critique the patriarchal ideologies of the society and encourages them to secure self identity in the male dominated society. Her autobiography deconstruct the ideology of marriage system of the eighteenth- century Britain by which women were treated as exchangeable commodities and objectified material for males and tries to represent the condition of women in patriarchal society. Applying the theory of autobiographical studies the researcher attempts to analyze the politics behind the use of Wollstonecraft’s own life story as a subject matter. In this autobiography Maria says how her husband, George Venable follows the cultural ideological system of selling women into prostitution where many women are wronged by their husband. She expresses each and every personal experience of her life which is supposed to remain secret with her. In fact, her text advocates for women’s liberation and inspires women to get rid of from cultural subjugation and exploitation from male dominance. In the same way, she strongly confesses her mistake and tries to motivate woman not to repeat the same mistake which she faces in her life. Hence, this project explores Mary Wollstonecraft’s autobiography as personal life writing that serves as writing with political motives in the society.Item Representation of Feudalism in Man Bahadur Mukhiya’s Ani Deurali Runchha(Department of English, 2020) Lama, SaritaThis thesis studies Man Bahadur Mukhiya’s Ani Deurali Runchha through the socio-economic perspective. It digs out the major causes of feudalism in 70’s of Nepal. Comparison study of feudalism of Nepalese feudalism has been done with insights of American Feudalism, The Tyranny of a Construct: Feudalism and Historians of Medieval Europe, Feudalism in Russia, Modern Feudalism written by Ruggeriero Ramano and Stainley T. Stein,, Elizabeth A.R. Brown, George Vernadsky, James F.Hudson respectively. This work explores the forms of feudalism in different parts of the world in different span of time. One of the mentioned studies (American Feudalism by Ruggeriero Romano and Stainley T.Stein) argues that the economy of eighteenth century was “a natural economy” associated with feudalism. Where natural economy refers to the differences established after the discrimination established in labor market. The idea of caste, sex, poverty, political position are the major issues raised in Ani Deurali Runchha. Henceforth, paper asserts origination of feudalism might have different reasons behind throughout the world. However the main root is imbalance in socio-economy. Thus, play clears out the intrigue of people by tracing the social, political, psychological and economical aspects of the then society of Nepal. Key Words: feudal system, feudal lord, peasants, haves and haves not, land, servitude, economy, exploitation, disorder in system.Item Resistance of the Caste-Based Subaltern in Mahasweta Devi’s The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh(Department of English, 2021) Damai, ManojThis research is an attempt to portraytheresistance of the caste-based subaltern against the so-called upper-caste hegemony; the collective agency of the caste-based subalternschallenge thecaste hierarchy and exist as rebellious subject that is what we find in Lachhima in Mahasweta Devi’s The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh. Devi has told a life-like story of Lachhima, Rukmani, Haroa, Mohor and others in order to show how the ideologies of casteism treat Dalits, how the bonding of Dalits and their individual and collective effort of resistance plays an important role in questioning the traditions, cultures and customs which promote caste-based discrimination. As a theoretical perspective, insights related to caste-based subalterns have been applied from B. R. Ambedkar’sAnnihilation of Caste. Overall, this paper attempts to extend the horizon ofsolidarity, equality and freedom for justice to all.Item Resistance to Gender and Caste Subalternity in Mahasweta Devi’s The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh(Department of English, 2023) Jaishi, Bhim PrasadIn this thesis, I try to depict a picture of male and caste hegemony in Indian men and caste dominated society and the voice of women and dalits who speak out against it. To illustrate how patriarchal and caste-based ideologies treat women and Dalits, and how their resistance plays a crucial role in challenging the traditions that uphold patriarchy and caste. Mahasweta Devi chooses Barha, a real location in India, to tell a story of Lachhima whose sufferings are familiar to us because they are the events from the real society. In order to complete this task, I have drawn on the gender and caste Subaltern Studies presented in “Can the Subaltern Speak?” by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, “Politics of the Female Body” by Ketu H. Katrak and Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar’s Annihilation of Caste. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how women and dalits can confront the patriarchal and caste-based environment, and change it for the betterment of all other women and dalits utilizing a variety of strategies, such as resistance, internalized exile, spoken out and others. Therefore, this thesis attempts to broaden the horizon of alternatives for preserving gender and caste equality in the society to make it a better place to live in. It illustrates the social, economic, psychological, and political significance of the effort of genderand caste subalterns to oppose patriarchy and untouchability. The voice of Lachhima against patriarchal and caste hegemony should motivate other women and dalits for liberation and equality in the present society as well. Keywords: Torture, Exploitation, Gender and Caste Subaltern, Realization, Resistance, VictoryItem Sutar as a Hegemonized Character in Govinda Raj Bhattarai's Muglan(Department of English, 2018) Acharya, OmnathThis thesis is a study of the working conditions of Nepali immigrants as reflected in Govinda Raj Bhattarai's, Muglan. There in Bhutan, their dehumanization, exploitation and misery knew no bound. Their working conditions and thwarted passions are doubtless heart-rending. When the base of the national economy of Nepal was still feudalistic, thousands of Nepali immigrants went to different regions of Bhutan and India for different purposes. Poverty, Superstition, threat of feudal lords and the hope of getting recruited in British Army pushed a large number of Nepali immigrants to different territories of Bhutan and West Bengal. Despite their repeated efforts and struggle to actualize their dream, they are doomed to suffer. They are so cheated and manipulated by the organized network of middlemen, agents and brokers that they had to beg money for survival. They are taken to Bhutan and forced to do a back breaking work. Some immigrants die of consumption whereas others managed to return to their homeland. Key Words: Immigrants, Subordination, Hegemony, Exploitation, Settlement, Brokers, Homeland, Recruitment, DehumanizationItem Voicing the voiceless : resistance of Dalits in Mahasweta Devi's Dhouli(Department of English, 2023) Bajgai, AsmitaIn this research work, the researcher attempts to portray a picture of upper-caste dominance in the then Indian society as well as the Dalit community's resistance to it in Mahasweta Devi’s Dhouli. At the beginning of the novel, Dalits seem to be following all the rules and regulations set by upper caste people. Later, they revolt and get their rights back. Devi choosesTaharr, a real location in India, to tell the realistic tale of Dhouli, Jhalo, Shanichari, Murari and Jhulni in order to illustrate how caste ideologies treat Dalits, and how their collective and individual resistance is crucial in challenging the customs, traditions, and cultures that uphold caste-based oppression and discrimination. To carry out this task, the researcher brings theoretical insights related to Dalit study of B. R. Ambedkar’sAnnihilation of Caste, BishwabhaktaDulal ‘Aahuti’s Varna System and Class Struggle in Nepal, and others too. Overall, this paper attempts to extend the alternatives of maintaining caste equality and freedom in the society in order to make it a better place to live in. Key words: Dalits, Oppression, Exploitation, Sex Toys, Resistance, VictoryItem Women’s Resistance in Mahasweta Devi’s The Glory of Sri Sri Ganesh(Department of English, 2022) Maden, SaraswatiThis research paper portrays patriarchal hegemony in Indian society and the voice against it through the bonding of women. Mahasweta Devi has selected Barha, a real place in India, to tell a life-like story of Lachhima, Putli, Rukmani, Pallavi and others in order to show how ideology of patriarchy treat women and how females’ bonding and their collective effort of resistance play important roles to question traditions which promote patriarchy and its oppression. Moreover, through this fictional text, the researcher brings women’s issue at the center of writing, discussion and debate in the theoretical frame of feminism. To carry out this task, the researcher brings theoretical insights related to feminism of GayatriChakravortySpivak’sCan the Subaltern Speak?,Ketu H. Katrak’sPolitics of the Female Bodyand other too. By applying these tools, this research paper tries to find out how the unification and collective voice of women including Lachhima’s provides the possible ways to challenge and change the domination of men. Hence, this paper attempts to extend the horizon of alternatives of maintaining gender equality and freedom in the society to make it a better place to live in.