Browsing by Subject "Humanism"
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Item Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World: A Case of Dehumanization(Department of English, 2007) Gautam, DipendraThis thesis basically analyzes Aldous Huxley’sBrave New Worldtofocus his fear of possible dehumanization that may take place in future world. His fear was not baseless, widespread fear of Americanization which has been current in Europe since Second World War was root cause of his fear of loss of humanity. So called power holders of his time like Hitler and Mussolini are the representatives of future world controllers. He, along with George Orwell, inNineteen Eighty Four,foresees the controlled future world with handful of power mongers. He finds the rapiddevelopment of science and technology a possible threat to humanity. The Advancement of Genetic Engineering, by which disease, aging, pain and the likes can be eliminated, which may produce only the superman and intellectuals is disgusting and terrible. His strong character spokesman, John the savage commits suicide in the end, is his fear of so called utopian world. He satirizes modern people’s thought and hope of utopian world, for him such world seems rather dystopian because utopian world possesses not humans but automatons. His extension of Pavlov’s conditioning theory to the conditioning of human in Brave New Worldis just to show the possible dehumanization. Soma, the ultimate drugs releasing every pain, gloom and fear makes him worry of loss of human nature. He has put all such fears in theBrave New World. So, his central concern inBrave New Worldis the dehumanization of human beings.Item Elevation of Humanism in Paulo Coelho's The Valkyries(Central Departmental of English, 2009) Gautam, Devi PrasadPaulo Coelho'sValkyriesstrongly entails a widespread necessity to cultivate humanity in the desert of modern materialist world. It, furthermore, asserts that comprehensive knowledge about the beyond and the ethereal is a gateway of enriching and enhancing humanity. At the heart of the novel Paulo mentions that sacredness of life becomes prominent when human beings strive for spiritual awakening by crossing the limit of the immanent and the earthly.Item Ethical Rendition of the Otherin Barbara Kingsolver’s The Poisonwood Bible(Department of English, 2017) Lamichhane, Karishma KumariThis thesis is a critical discussion of Barbara Kingsolver’s novel The Poisonwood Biblefrom the perspective of ethical humanism. With the help of the reference from text, the researcher finds out that Kingsolver deploys the characters influenced by both modern and postmodern ethics. There are few characterswho follow Kantian rational morality and while some other characters follow postmodern ethical humanism. The major characters are other centered. Liberal humanist characters like Nathan, Elexroot and Joseph Mobutu are egomaniac, self-centered, ethnocentric and rational. They disregard the feelings of others, they dehumanize human sentiments. In contrast, characters like Leah, Anatole, Orleanna, Adah, Ruth May, Mama Mwanza and Brother Fowles focus more on sensibility, responsibility and empathy. They respect the otherness of other. The novelist intends to say that rational universal morality is no more a moral ethics, it fails to address the current necessity of understanding the other. Hence, the concept of auto/ethno continuum is appropriate in order to understand other. Ethical humanism focuses on the other, it is other centered. It is only possible when one abandons his pride and prejudices, biases and open oneself for change. Ultimately, in the novel characters who were rational earlier change themselves in the course of time and develop a mature self which respects the Other, feel responsible towards other and have genuine empathy towards other. Hence, the ultimate goal of ethical humanism is to establish harmonious and respectful relationship between self and other.Item Failure of Humanism in Oliver Twist(Faculty of English, 2011) Tamang, Dhak BahadurAvailable with Full TextItem Humanist Philosophy in Kahlil Gibran’sThe Prophet(Department of English, 2009) Shiwakoti, SurajGibran’sThe Prophetcraves the picture of distinct aspects of human life and the challenges human beings face in course of life. How significant life is and how it is made much better is the focal point of the entire text. Besides, Gibran comments onwings of human life all in all through minute observations and critical lens. His visions towards human beings and their plight in the universe are pictured in very crystalclearmanner and the ways they need to be led to follow are focused. The most indispensable aspect of the text is its impartiality and justice.The Prophetforesees the possible consequences of human deeds. Furthermore, it envisions the appropriate and pertinent approaches bettering process of humanity in general. After all, diverse subjects dealt with in the text implicitly benefit human beings to a greater extent in the sense that the readers are targeted to observe or analyze every instruction minutely and assimilate them for progress and prosperity. In addition to all these, the position of human beings is heightened in such a way that human beings are always on the apex and the rest should be below that. On the whole it is a human-centric text that covers the wide ranging part of human affairs.Item Humanizing the Transhumanism: Humanistic Force in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip(Department of English, 2017) Bhattarai, AshokThe thesis projects the transhumanistic approach to studyPhilip K. Dick’s novelMartian Time-Slip. It takes thecomparative study of humanism andtranshumanism and proves that excess use of technology or tendency oftranshumanism has brought negative impactsin society rather than positiveimplications. Humanism is the study of human powerthat focuses on humancreativity and capacityover the invisible and supernatural power. As the humanpower increased, human beingsstarted using technology in such a way that theymultiplied their power with the use of ultramodern technology. However, the use ofsuch technology hasbecome excess now so that human beingsfully depend on themachines leaving aside the human power. In the beginning of humandevelopment,the invention of technology was like the blessings. As the time passed it becameproblematic to humanism. As a result of excessive use of technology, the thoughtreversed back to dependency on others like past. In the past, humans depended ongodor invisible power, again in the modern era they depended on machines lesseninghuman power. Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip tells the story of human power goingbeyond imagination. The modern people have migrated to Mars and performed theirextraordinary activities there. The novel presents the character like Arnie Kott andJack Bohlen who like to make a device for communicating with the nonverbal,autistic child, Manfred Steiner. They do not think that he can be treated with humancommunication.It is an example of dependency of the people on machines. Thenative Martians, Bleekmen, recognize the flexibility of time and understand the valueof Manfred's gifts although the colonists debate the value of keeping abnormalchildren alive.Item Loss of Humanism in Peter Ackroyd's Hawksmoor(Department of English, 2010) Adhikari, Hemanta RajThe present research work makes an intensive study of Peter Ackroyd's novel Hawksmoor. It tries to exhibit that the lack of sympathy and a feeling of indifference towards the fellow human beings are the root causes of the insensitivity of the postmodern man. This principal issue is raised very carefully through the lens of postmodernism. The novel shows that a postmodern man is confronted by a lot of difficulties in his living. One of the protagonists Nicholas Dyer is commissioned at building seven churches in different parts of London. His happiness knows no bound as he gets an opportunity to fulfill his ambition. However, the sites of the churches are drenched with human blood. Poverty, hunger and diseases are prevalent everywhere. As such the churches stand as an irony with the suffering of human beings. A living soul is neglected and a bulk of money is invested in the construction. Another protagonist Nicholas Hawksmoor, the veteran police officer is missioned to investigate the murder case. But his detection is unfruitful. These scenarios express the true postmodern livings which are the central issue of the novel. The postmodernism is the methodology applied to conduct a research. Through the postmodernist perspective, it is find out that insensitivity of human is the cause of loss of humanism.Item Narayan’s Humanism in the Financial Expert(Department of English, 2008) Pantha, Krishna KumariR.K. Narayan’s The Financial Expert presents the reality of human essence. Human beings intrinsically reflect their true identity, human love and compassion.The major characters Margayya, Minakshy, Balu, Dr.Pal and others, seem to be show their pride and arrogance and dominating each other but in reality they love and want to be loved. They reflect their common nature of love, affection and enhancement of life. Though they have some dissimilarities about the philosophy of life, they come together and become able to make consensus in the matter of love and human relationship. For them, the real essence of life is to enhance love not hatred. Narayan initially shows the so-called essence of money. He seems to say that money is life and that without money, life is nothing but later he shows the value oflove and harmony which are so essential for happiness in life. Margayya, the protagonist in the novel, is at first living a shallow life under the illusion that money can offer all the blessings of life. However, he is soon disillusioned and his love formoney is replaced by the reality of family reunion. Margayya finally is shown as an ordinary human being like us and nota monster of greed and wickedness. The Financial Expertthus shows Narayan’s belief in humanity and personal relationship rather than the established creeds and general convictions.Item Narrative Intertextuality and Self-Reflexivity in Kurt Vonnegut’s Timequake(Department of English, 2018) Paudel, AmardeepThis thesis studies how Kurt Vonnegut’s Timequake makes experimentation with theory of time making a departure from linear flow of time in plot development and thus reflecting the writer’s self by bringing historical, social and literary references. . He uses the black humor to harshly attack the vanities of late capitalist system, the disaster upon ecologies, war, social injustices as well as inequalities. He shows the suspension of free will in the present humans by showing the shrinking of the universe. Along with this, he presents the world using narrative intertextuality to show writer’s insufficiency of language to explain the present world and which also serves as evidences to strengthen the thesis.Item Politics of Humanism in Saul Bellow's Henderson the Rain King(Central Department of English Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 2008) Poudyal, BasantaIn Saul Bellow's Henderson the Rain King, the protagonist Henderson learns from the African tribal societies what love, compassion, respect and equality means. In so doing, Bellow's politics is to subvert the western concept of humanism which always functions in accordance with the interest of the European high-culture. He shows that the marginalized lower class people have the spirit of counter humanism or alternative humanism.Item World of Human Reality and True Self of the Individual: A Study of Where Angels Fear to Tread by E.M. Forster(Department of English, 2006) Devkota, Sashi KumarE.M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread presents the reality of human essence. Human beings intrinsically reflect their true identity,human love and compassion. The major characters Mrs. Herriton, Lilia, Philip, Caroline, Gino and others, in surface try to show their pride and arrogance, they want to dominate each other but inwardly they want to love and to be loved. They reflect their common nature of love, affection and enhancement of life. Though they have some dissimilarities about the philosophy of life, they come together and become able to make consensus in the matter of love and human relationship. For them, the real essence of life is to enhance love nothatred.